Annual Report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended May 31, 2006 | Commission File No. 000-19860
Scholastic Corporation
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 13-3385513 |
(State or other jurisdiction of | (IRS Employer Identification No.) |
incorporation or organization) | |
557 Broadway, New York, New York | 10012 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
Title of class | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered |
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Common Stock, $0.01 par value | The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC |
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Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
NONE
Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of Act. Yes o No x
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
x Large accelerated filer o Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x
The aggregate market value of the Common Stock, par value $0.01, held by non-affiliates as November 30, 2005, was approximately $1,115,228,000. As of such date, non-affiliates held no shares of the Class A Stock, $0.01 par value. There is no active market for the Class A Stock.
The number of shares outstanding of each class of the Registrants voting stock as of July 26, 2006 was as follows: 40,355,315 shares of Common Stock and 1,656,200 shares of Class A Stock.
Documents Incorporated By Reference
Part III incorporates certain information by reference from the Registrants definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held September 20, 2006.
Table of Contents
PAGE | |||
Part I | |||
Item 1. |
Business | 1 | |
Item 1A.
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Risk Factors | 12 | |
Item 1B.
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Unresolved Staff Comments | 15 | |
Item 2.
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Properties | 15 | |
Item 3.
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Legal Proceedings | 15 | |
Item 4.
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Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders | 15 | |
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Part II | |||
Item 5.
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Market for the Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder | ||
Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities | 16 | ||
Item 6.
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Selected Financial Data | 17 | |
Item 7.
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Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and | ||
Results of Operations | 18 | ||
Item 7A.
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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 31 | |
Item 8.
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Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data | 32 | |
Consolidated Statements of Income | 33 | ||
Consolidated Balance Sheets | 34 | ||
Consolidated
Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity |
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and Comprehensive Income | 36 | ||
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 38 | ||
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 39 | ||
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
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60 | ||
Supplementary Financial Information | 62 | ||
Item 9.
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Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting | ||
and Financial Disclosure | 62 | ||
Item 9A.
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Controls and Procedures | 63 | |
Item 9B.
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Other Information | 63 | |
Part III | |||
Item 10.
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Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant | 64 | |
Item 11.
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Executive Compensation | 64 | |
Item 12.
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Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management | ||
and Related Stockholder Matters | 64 | ||
Item 13.
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Certain Relationships and Related Transactions | 64 | |
Item 14.
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Principal Accountant Fees and Services | 64 | |
Part IV | |||
Item 15.
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Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K | 65 | |
Signatures | 68 | ||
Power of Attorney | 68 | ||
Schedule II: Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves | S-2 |
Part I
Item 1 | Business
Overview
Scholastic
Corporation (the Corporation and together with its subsidiaries, Scholastic or the Company) is a global childrens publishing, education and media company. Since its
founding in 1920, Scholastic has emphasized quality products and a dedication to reading and learning. The Company is the worlds largest publisher and distributor of childrens books and a leading developer of educational technology.
Scholastic also creates quality educational and entertaining materials and products for use in school and at home, including textbooks, magazines, childrens reference and non-fiction materials, teacher materials, television programming, film,
videos and toys. The Company is a leading operator of school-based book clubs and book fairs and school-based and direct-to-home continuity programs in the United States, and the Company distributes products and services through these proprietary
channels, as well as directly to schools and libraries and to consumers through retail stores, the internet and television networks. The Companys
website, www.scholastic.com, is a leading site for teachers, classrooms and parents,
and an award-winning destination for children. In addition to its operations
in the United States, Scholastic has long-established operations in Canada, the
United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand and Southeast Asia and has newer operations
in Argentina, China, India, Ireland and Mexico.
(Amounts in millions) | ||||||||
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2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
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Childrens Book Publishing | ||||||||
and Distribution |
$
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1,304.0 |
$
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1,152.5 | $ | 1,358.6 | ||
Educational Publishing | 416.1 | 404.6 | 369.1 | |||||
Media, Licensing and Advertising | 151.6 | 133.1 | 136.4 | |||||
International | 412.1 | 389.7 | 369.7 | |||||
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Total |
$
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2,283.8 |
$
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2,079.9 | $ | 2,233.8 | ||
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Additional financial information covering the Companys operating segments is included in Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, which is included herein.
C H I L D R E N S B O O K P U B L I S H I N G A N D D I S T R I B U T I O N |
(57.1% of fiscal 2006 revenues) |
The Company is the worlds largest publisher and distributor of childrens books and is the largest operator of school-based book clubs and school-based book fairs in the United States. The Company is also a leading publisher of childrens books distributed through the trade channel and the leading distributor in the United States of childrens books through direct-to-home continuity programs primarily for children ages five and younger. In fiscal 2006, the Company distributed approximately 400 million childrens books in the United States.
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Scholastic offers a broad range of childrens books. Many of the Companys books have received awards for excellence in childrens literature, including the Caldecott and Newbery Awards.
The Company obtains titles for sale through its distribution channels from three principal sources. The first source for titles is the Companys publication of books created under exclusive agreements with authors, illustrators, book packagers or other media companies. Scholastic generally controls the exclusive rights to sell these titles through all channels of distribution in the United States and, to a lesser extent, internationally. Scholastics second source of titles is licenses to publish books exclusively in specified channels of distribution, including reprints of books originally published by others for which the Company acquires rights to sell in the school market and original publications for exclusive sale in direct-to-home continuity programs. The third source of titles is the Companys purchase of finished books from other publishers to be sold in the school market.
School-Based Book Clubs
Scholastic
founded its first school-based book club in 1948. The Companys core school-based
book clubs consist of Honeybee®, serving children ages 1½ to 4; Firefly®,
serving pre-kindergarten (pre-K) and kindergarten (K)
students; SeeSaw®, serving students grades K to 1; Lucky®, serving students grades 2 to 3; Arrow®, serving students grades 4 to 6; TAB®, serving students grades 7 to 12; and Club
Leo, which provides Spanish language offers to students pre-K to
grade 8. In fiscal 2006, the Company announced that it would offer only these core clubs and would no longer offer two of its smaller clubs, Trumpet®
and Troll®/Carnival®. In addition to its regular offers, the Company creates special theme-based offers targeted to different grade levels during the year.
The Company mails promotional materials containing order forms to teachers in the vast majority of the pre-K to grade 8 classrooms in the United States. Teachers who wish to participate in a school-based book club distribute the order forms to their students, who may choose from 80 or more selections at substantial reductions from list prices. The teacher aggregates the students orders and forwards them to the Company by internet, phone, mail or fax. In fiscal 2006, orders through the internet accounted for approximately 45% of total book club orders. The orders are then shipped to the teacher for distribution to the students. Teachers who participate in the book clubs receive bonus points, which may be redeemed for the purchase of additional books and other resource materials for their classrooms or the school.
School-Based Book Fairs
Scholastic entered the school-based book fair business in 1981. Since that date, the Company has grown this business by expanding into new markets, including through selected acquisitions, and by increasing its business in
its existing markets by (i) growing revenue on a per fair basis, and (ii) increasing the number of fairs held at its existing school customers. The Company is the leading operator of school-based book fairs in the United States.
Book fairs are generally week-long events conducted on school premises, operated by school librarians and/or parent-teacher organizations. Book fair events provide children with access to hundreds of titles and allow them to purchase books and other select products at the school. Although the Company provides the school with the books and book display cases, the school itself conducts the book fair as a fundraiser for a variety of purposes, such as to purchase books, supplies and equipment for the school. The Company believes that a primary motivation for schools sponsoring fairs is to make quality books available to their students at reasonable prices in order to stimulate interest in reading.
The Company operates school-based book fairs in all 50 states under the name Scholastic Book Fairs®. Books and display cases are delivered to schools from the Companys warehouses principally by a fleet of leased vehicles. Sales and customer service functions are performed from regional sales offices supported by field representatives. Over 90% of the schools that
2
sponsored a Scholastic book fair in fiscal 2005 sponsored a Scholastic book fair again in fiscal 2006.
Continuity Programs
The
Company operates continuity programs whereby families generally place an order
to receive multiple shipments of childrens books over a period of time. Continuity programs are promoted through (i) direct-to-home
offers, primarily through direct mail, on-line advertisements, telemarketing, print promotions and the internet, and (ii) offers in the Companys school-based book clubs. The Companys direct-to-home continuity business is the leading
direct-to-home seller of books for children age five and under. In fiscal 2006, the Companys
direct-to-home continuity business included Scholastic publishing properties,
such as The New Book of
Knowledge® encyclopedia, My First Steps to Reading®
and Scholastics
Phonics Reading Program, as well as licensed programs, such as Disney
Book Club, Dr.
Seuss Beginning Readers Program, Nick Jr. Book Club and Veggie
Tales. Continuity programs offered through
Scholastics school-based book clubs include Spy
University, Nick Zone, How to Survive, Care Bears®, Thomas and Friends and Clifford The Big Red Dog®.
Trade
Scholastic
is a leading publisher of childrens books sold through bookstores and mass merchandisers in the United States. The Company maintains approximately 6,000 titles for trade distribution. Scholastics
original publications include Harry Potter®,
I Spy, Clifford The Big Red Dog, Captain Underpants®, Geronimo Stilton®
and Goosebumps® and licensed properties such as Scooby-Doo®, Star Wars® , Lego, Care
Bears and Taggies®.
In addition, the Companys Klutz® imprint
is a publisher and creator of books plus products for children, including titles such
as How
to Make Paper Airplanes.
The Companys trade sales organization focuses on marketing and selling Scholastics publishing properties to bookstores, mass merchandisers, specialty sales outlets and other book retailers. Scholastic bestsellers during fiscal 2006 included books from the Harry Potter, I Spy, Taggies, How Do Dinosaurs and Charlie Bone series and individual titles, such as Inkspell, Over the Hedge and Read and Learn Bible.
Other
Also
included in this segment is The Book People, a direct seller of childrens
and adult books to offices and other point of sale locations through display marketing
and corporate book fairs.
E D U C A T I O N A L P U B L I S H I N G
(18.2% of fiscal 2006 revenues)
General
The
Companys Educational Publishing segment
includes the production and/or publication and distribution to schools and libraries
of educational technology products, curriculum materials, childrens books,
classroom magazines and print and on-line reference and non-fiction products
for grades pre-K to 12 in the United States.
The Company is a leading provider of educational technology products and reading materials for schools and libraries. Scholastic has been providing quality, innovative educational materials to schools and libraries since it began publishing classroom magazines in the 1920s. The Company added supplementary books and texts to its product line in the 1960s, professional books for teachers in the 1980s and early childhood products and core curriculum materials in the 1990s. In 1996, the Company strengthened its Spanish language offerings through the acquisition of Lectorum Publications, Inc., the largest Spanish language book distributor to schools and libraries in the United States. As a result of the acquisition of Grolier Incorporated (Grolier) in 2000, the Company is the leading print and on-line publisher of childrens reference and non-fiction products sold primarily to school libraries in the United States. In 2002, the Company acquired Tom Snyder Productions, Inc., a developer and publisher of interactive educational software. The Company markets and sells its Educational Publishing products through a
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Curriculum Publishing and Teaching Resources
Scholastics
curriculum publishing and teaching resources operations develop and distribute
instructional materials directly to schools in the United States, primarily purchased
through school and district budgets. These operations also include reading improvement
programs and educational technology products, paperback collections for classroom
libraries and professional books.
The Company focuses its supplemental and core curriculum publishing efforts on reading improvement materials and the effective use of technology to support learning. Scholastics technology-based reading improvement programs include READ 180®, a reading intervention program for students in grades 4 to 12 reading at least two years below grade level, SCHOLASTIC ZIP ZOOM for grades K to 3, which supports beginning reading skills for English language learners, ReadAbout® for grades 3 to 6, which combines adaptive technology with engaging non-fiction content, and Scholastic Reading Counts!, which encourages reading through a school-managed incentive program. In fiscal 2006, Scholastic introduced the upgraded READ 180 Enterprise Edition, which supports larger installations in schools and provides improved student data management, and launched FASTT Math, a technology-based program to improve math fluency, developed with the creator of READ 180.
The teaching resources group publishes professional books designed for and generally purchased by teachers and distributes paperback collections to schools and school districts for classroom libraries and other uses, as well as to literacy organizations. The Company operates an on-line Teacher Store, which provides professional books and other educational materials to schools and teachers, and www.scholastic.com is a leading website for teachers and classrooms, offering multimedia teaching units, lesson plans, teaching tools and on-line activities.
Classroom Magazines
Scholastic
is a leading publisher of classroom magazines. Teachers in grades pre-K to 12
use these magazines as supplementary educational materials. The Companys 31 classroom magazines supplement formal learning
programs by bringing subjects of current interest into the classroom. The magazines are designed to encourage students to read and also to cover diverse subjects, including literature, math, science, current events, social studies and foreign
languages. The most well known of the Companys domestic magazines are Scholastic News®, Junior
Scholastic® and Lets
Find Out®.
Scholastics classroom magazine circulation in the United States in fiscal 2006 was more than 8.2 million, with approximately two-thirds of the circulation in grades pre-K to 6. In fiscal 2006, teachers in approximately 65% of the schools in the United States used the Companys classroom magazines. The various classroom magazines are distributed either on a weekly, biweekly or monthly basis during the school year and are supplemented by timely materials featured on www.scholastic.com.
The majority of the magazines purchased are paid for with school or district funds, with teachers or students paying for the balance. Circulation revenue accounted for substantially all of the classroom magazine revenues in fiscal 2006.
Library Publishing
Scholastic
is a leading publisher of quality childrens reference and non-fiction products
and encyclopedias sold primarily to schools and libraries in the United States.
Products include Grolier Online®, which provides subscriptions to reference databases for schools and libraries, Encyclopedia
Americana® and
The New Book of Knowledge, as well as reference materials published under the Grolier® name. The Companys products also include non-fiction books published in the United States under the imprints Childrens Press®
and Franklin Watts®, including books from the America the Beautiful, Enchantment of the World
and True Books series.
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M E D I A , L I C E N S I N G A N D A D V E R T I S I N G
(6.7% of fiscal 2006 revenues)
General
The
Companys Media, Licensing and Advertising segment
includes the production and/or distribution of media and electronic products
and programs (including childrens television programming, videos, DVDs,
software, feature films, interactive programs, promotional activities and non-book
merchandise); and advertising revenue, including sponsorship programs.
Production and Distribution
Through
Scholastic Entertainment Inc. (SEI), Soup2Nuts Inc. (S2N) and the Weston Woods Studio, the Company creates and produces television programming, videos, DVDs, feature films, and branded
websites. SEI builds consumer awareness and value for the Companys franchises
by creating family-focused shows that form the basis for global branding campaigns.
SEI generates revenue by exploiting these assets globally across multiple media
formats and by developing and executing brand-marketing campaigns.
SEI has built a television library of over 400 half-hour productions, including: Clifford The Big Red Dog, Cliffords Puppy Days, Maya & Miguel, The Magic School Bus®, I Spy, Goosebumps, Animorphs®, Dear America® and The Baby-sitters Club®. These series have been sold in the United States and internationally in various media formats. SEI has produced 39 episodes of Cliffords Puppy Days, an animated spin-off of the award-winning Clifford The Big Red Dog series, 14 of which were completed in fiscal 2006. SEI has also produced 65 episodes of an original animated series, Maya & Miguel, 30 of which were completed in fiscal 2006. In fiscal 2004, SEI produced Cliffords Really Big Movie, a feature length film. In May 2006, the Company announced that it would be participating in a new childrens programming network featuring bilingual content, with a mission to promote literacy and values in childrens television.
S2N, an award-winning producer of animated television and web programming, has produced over 100 half-hour episodes of television programming, including the animated series OGrady and Time Warp Trio.
Weston Woods Studios creates audiovisual adaptations of classic childrens picture books, such as Where the Wild Things Are, Chrysanthemum and Make Way for Ducklings, that are initially produced for the school and library market as a supplemental educational resource. SEI has repackaged 35 titles for sale to the consumer market under the Scholastic Video Collection banner. Weston Woods Studios has received numerous awards, including five Andrew Carnegie Medals for Excellence in Childrens Video and an Academy Award nomination.
Brand Marketing and Consumer Products
SEI
creates and develops award-winning global branding campaigns for Scholastic properties
in order to extend and strengthen Scholastics consumer connection with
parents, children and teachers.
In addition to licensing rights for consumer products, SEI designs, manufactures and distributes consumer products primarily based on Scholastics literary properties, such as a line of upscale plush toys and wooden puzzles based on Clifford The Big Red Dog, The Magic School Bus, The Real Mother Goose®, Maya & Miguel, Kim Parker Kids, No David!, Fergus and Dear Mrs. LaRue. The products are available through independent toy/gift stores, specialty chains, department stores, mail order catalogs and bookstores, as well as through Scholastics school-based book clubs, school-based book fairs and continuity programs.
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Consumer Software
Scholastic
distributes original and licensed consumer software, handheld and console products
and accessories and DVDs for grades K to 8 through its school-based software clubs, book clubs, book fairs and continuity
programs, as well as the library/teacher market and the trade market. The Company acquires software and multi-media products for distribution in all of these channels through a combination of licensing, purchases of product from software publishers
and internal development. The Companys CD-ROM titles include the award-winning
series I Spy, Clifford and
Math Missions®. The Company and Fisher-Price have jointly developed interactive educational products that were launched
in the fall of 2005, including the Read with Me DVD! learning system.
Advertising
Certain
of the Companys magazine properties generate advertising revenues as their
primary source of revenue, including Instructor®, Scholastic
Administrator, Instructor New Teacher, Scholastic Early Childhood Today and Coach
and Athletic Director, which are directed to teachers and education professionals and are distributed during the academic year. Subscriptions for these magazines are solicited primarily by direct mail, with
total circulation of approximately 450,000 in fiscal 2006. Scholastic
Parent and Child®magazine, which is directed at parents and distributed through schools and childcare programs, had circulation of approximately 1.2 million in fiscal
2006. These magazines carry paid advertising, advertising for Scholastic products and paid advertising for clients that sponsor customized programs.
Other
Also included in this segment are: Scholastic In-School Marketing, which develops sponsored educational materials and supplementary classroom programs in partnership with corporations, government agencies and nonprofit
organizations; Back to Basics Toys®, a direct-to-home
catalog business specializing in childrens toys; and Quality Education
Data, which develops and markets databases and provides research and analysis
focused on teachers, schools and education.
I N T E R N A T I O N A L
(18.0% of fiscal 2006 revenues)
General
The International segment
includes the publication and distribution of products and services outside the
United States by the Companys
international operations, and its export and foreign rights businesses.
Scholastic has long-established operations in Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand and Southeast Asia and also has newer operations in Argentina, China, India, Ireland and Mexico. Scholastics operations in Canada, the United Kingdom and Australia generally mirror its United States business model. Each of these international operations has original trade and educational publishing programs, distributes childrens books, software and other materials through school-based book clubs, school-based book fairs, trade channels and direct-to-home continuity programs, distributes magazines and offers on-line services. Each of these operations has also established its own export and foreign rights licensing programs and is a book publishing licensee for major media properties. Original books published by each of these operations have received awards of excellence in childrens literature. In Southeast Asia, the Company primarily publishes and distributes reference products and provides services under the Grolier name.
Canada
Scholastic
Canada, founded in 1957, is a leading publisher and distributor of English and
French language childrens books, is the largest school-based book club
and school-based book fair operator in Canada and is one of the leading suppliers
of original
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or licensed childrens books to the Canadian trade market. Since 1965, Scholastic Canada has produced quality Canadian-authored books and educational materials. In 2006, Scholastic Canada launched a new Canadian-authored reading program, Literacy Place for the Early Years, for grades K to 3. Grolier Canada is a leading operator of direct-to-home continuity programs in Canada.
United Kingdom
Scholastic
UK, founded in 1964, is the largest school-based book club and school-based book
fair operator and a leading childrens publisher in the United Kingdom.
Scholastic UK also publishes magazines for teachers and supplemental educational
materials, including professional books. Grolier UK is a leading operator of
direct-to-home continuity programs in the United Kingdom.
Australia
Scholastic
Australia, founded in 1968, is the leading publisher and distributor of childrens educational materials in Australia and has the largest school-based book club and book fair operation in the country,
reaching approximately 90% of the countrys primary schools. Scholastic Australia publishes quality childrens
books supplying the Australian trade market. Scholastic Australia also operates
direct-to-home continuity programs.
New Zealand
Scholastic
New Zealand, founded in 1964, is the largest childrens book publisher and the leading book distributor to schools in New Zealand. Through its school-based book clubs and book fairs, Scholastic New Zealand
reaches approximately 90% of the countrys primary schools.
Asia
The
Companys Asia operations primarily sell English language reference materials
and local language products through a network of over 1,500 independent door-to-door
sales representatives in India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan and Thailand. In India, the Company also operates school-based book clubs and book fairs and publishes original titles in the English and Hindi languages. In the Philippines, the Company also operates school-based
book fairs, and in Malaysia, the Company operates school-based book clubs and continuity programs.
Latin America
In Latin America, the Company has operations in Mexico, Argentina and Puerto Rico. These businesses principally distribute books and educational material published by Scholastic, as well as merchandise from other
publishers, through school-based book clubs and book fairs. In Puerto Rico, Scholastic also distributes Spanish language reference materials through a network of independent door-to-door sales representatives and sells educational books and software
to public and private schools.
Foreign Rights and Export
The
Company licenses the rights to selected Scholastic titles for translation in
over 40 languages to other publishing companies around the world. The Companys export business sells educational materials, software
and childrens books to schools, libraries, bookstores and other book distributors
in over 140 countries that are not otherwise directly serviced by Scholastic
subsidiaries. The Company partners with governments and non-governmental agencies
to create and distribute books to public schools in developing countries.
M A N U F A C T U R I N G A N D D I S T R I B U T I O N
The
Companys books, magazines, software and other materials and products are manufactured by third parties under contracts entered into through arms-length
negotiations or competitive bidding. As appropriate, the Company enters into
multi-year agreements that guarantee specified volume in exchange for favorable
pricing terms. Paper is purchased from third party sources. The Company does
not anticipate any difficulty in continuing to satisfy its manufacturing and
paper requirements.
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In the United States, the Company mainly processes and fulfills school-based book club, trade, curriculum publishing, reference and non-fiction products and export orders from its primary warehouse and distribution facility in Jefferson City, Missouri. Magazine orders are processed at the Jefferson City facility and are shipped directly from printers. The Companys distribution facility in Maumelle, Arkansas serves as the Companys primary packaging and fulfillment center for its continuity programs. In connection with its trade business, the Company generally outsources certain services, including invoicing, billing, returns processing and collection services, and also ships product directly from printers to customers. School-based book fair orders are fulfilled through a network of warehouses across the country. The Companys international school-based book club, school-based book fair, trade, continuity businesses and educational operations use similar distribution systems.
S E A S O N A L I T Y
The
Companys school-based book clubs, school-based book fairs and most of its magazines operate on a school-year basis. Therefore, the Companys business is highly seasonal. As a result, the Companys
revenues in the first and third quarters of the fiscal year generally are lower
than its revenues in the other two fiscal quarters. Typically, school-based book
club and book fair revenues are greatest in the second quarter of the fiscal
year, while revenues from the sale of instructional materials are the highest
in the first quarter. The Company experiences a loss from operations in the first
and third quarters of each fiscal year.
C O M P E T I T I O N
The
markets for childrens educational and entertainment materials are highly
competitive. Competition is based on the quality and range of materials made
available, price, promotion, customer service and distribution channels. Competitors
include numerous other book, textbook, library, reference material and supplementary
text publishers, distributors and other resellers
(including over the internet) of childrens books and other educational
materials, national publishers of classroom and professional magazines with substantial
circulation, numerous producers of television, video and film programming (many
of which are substantially larger than the Company), television networks and
cable networks, publishers of computer software and distributors of products
and services on the internet. In the United States, competitors also include
regional and local school-based book fair operators, other fundraising activities
in schools, and bookstores. Competition may increase to the extent that other
entities enter the market and to the extent that current competitors or new competitors
develop and introduce new materials that compete directly with the products distributed
by the Company or develop or expand competitive sales channels.
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C O P Y R I G H T A N D T R A D E M A R K S
SCHOLASTIC is a registered trademark in the United States and in a number of countries where the Company conducts business. Scholastic Inc., the Corporations principal operating subsidiary in the United States, has registered and/or has pending applications to register in the United States its trademarks for the names of each of its domestic book clubs, the titles of its magazines and the names of all its curriculum programs. The Corporations international subsidiaries have also registered trademarks in the name of Scholastic Inc. for the names of their respective book clubs, magazines and curriculum programs in their respective countries. Although individual book titles are not subject to trademark protection, Scholastic Inc. has registered and/or has pending applications to register trademarks in the United States and in a number of countries for the names of certain series of books and consumer products, such as The Magic School Bus and Clifford The Big Red Dog. GROLIER is a registered trademark in the United States and a number of countries where the Company conducts business. All of the Companys publications, including books, magazines and software, are subject to copyright protection. Where applicable, the Company consistently files copyright registrations for its products in the name of Scholastic Inc. or one of its subsidiaries. Copyrights and trademarks are vigorously defended by the Company, and as necessary, outside counsel may
be retained to assist in such protection.
E M P L O Y E E S
At
May 31, 2006, the Company employed approximately 7,100 people in full-time jobs
and 900 people in part-time jobs in the United States and approximately 2,400
additional people internationally. The number of part-time employees fluctuates
during the year because significant portions of the Companys business are
closely correlated with the school year. The Company believes that relations
with its employees are good.
9
Each of the following individuals serves as an executive officer of Scholastic until the first meeting of the Corporations Board of Directors following the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Scholastic Corporation in September 2006 and until their successors have been elected or appointed and qualified or until such officers earlier resignation or removal.
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Employed by | ||
Name |
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Registrant Since | Position(s) for Past Five Years |
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Richard Robinson |
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1962 | Chairman of the Board (since 1982), President (since |
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1974) and Chief Executive Officer (since 1975). | ||
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Mary A. Winston |
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2004 | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
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(since 2004). Prior to joining the Company, Vice President | ||
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and Controller (20032004) and Vice President and | ||
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Treasurer (20022003) of Visteon Corporation, a global | ||
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automotive supplier; and between 1995 and 2002, various | ||
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senior financial management roles at Pfizer and Warner- | ||
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Lambert, which merged in June 2000, including Vice | ||
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President, Global Financial Operations for the | ||
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pharmaceutical business (20002002). | ||
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Deborah A. Forte |
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1983 | Executive Vice President (since 1996), President, |
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Scholastic Media (since 2006) and Scholastic | ||
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Entertainment Inc. (since 2001) and Division Head, | ||
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Scholastic Entertainment Inc. (1995-2001). | ||
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Lisa Holton |
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2005 | Executive Vice President and President, Book Fairs and |
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Trade (since 2005). Prior to joining the Company, Senior | ||
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Vice President, Publisher, Global Disney Childrens Books | ||
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(2001-2005), and Vice President and Group Publisher of | ||
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Disney Childrens Books (1999-2001). | ||
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Margery W. Mayer |
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1990 | Executive Vice President (since 1990), President, |
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Scholastic Education (since 2002) and Executive Vice | ||
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President, Learning Ventures (1998-2002). | ||
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Judith A. Newman |
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1993 | Executive Vice President and President, Book Clubs and |
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Scholastic At Home (since 2005); Senior Vice President | ||
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and President, Book Clubs and Scholastic At Home (2004- | ||
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2005); and Senior Vice President, Book Clubs (1997- | ||
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2004). |
10
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Employed by | ||
Name |
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Registrant Since | Position(s) for Past Five Years |
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Seth Radwell |
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2005 | Executive Vice President and President, e-Scholastic |
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(since 2005). Prior to joining the Company, President, | ||
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Marketing & Editorial Group, Bookspan (2002-2005); and | ||
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Chief Executive Officer and President, Doubleday | ||
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Interactive (1999-2001). | ||
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Hugh Roome |
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1991 | Executive Vice President (since 1996), President, |
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International Group (since 2001) and Executive Vice | ||
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President, International (2000-2001). | ||
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Ernest B. Fleishman |
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1989 | Senior Vice President, Education and Corporate Relations |
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(since 1989). | ||
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Beth Ford |
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2000 | Senior Vice President, Global Operations and Information |
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Technology (since 2002) and Senior Vice President, Global | ||
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Operations (2000-2002). | ||
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Karen A. Maloney |
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1997 | Senior Vice President, Corporate Finance and Chief |
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Accounting Officer (since 2005), and Vice President and | ||
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Corporate Controller (1998-2004). | ||
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Heather J. Myers |
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2003 | Senior Vice President, Strategic Planning & Business |
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Development (since 2003). Prior to joining the Company, | ||
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Independent Media & Entertainment Consultant | ||
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(20022003); and from 19952001, various positions at | ||
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Vivendi Universal (formerly Seagram Company Ltd.), | ||
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including Executive Vice President/ General Manager, | ||
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Universal Global e, Universal Music Group (19992001). | ||
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Peter Watts |
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2005 | Senior Vice President, Corporate Human Resources and |
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Employee Services (since 2005). Prior to joining the | ||
|
Company, an independent human resources consultant | ||
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(2003-2005); and Vice President, Human Resources, | ||
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Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation (2000-2002). |
11
Available Information
The
Corporations annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports are accessible at the Investor Relations portion of its website,
www.scholastic.com, by clicking on the SEC Filings tab and are available, without charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC). The Company also posts the dates of its upcoming scheduled financial press releases, telephonic investor calls and investor presentations on the Calendar and Presentations portion of its website at least five days prior to the
event. The Companys investor calls are open to the public and remain available through the Companys
website for at least one year thereafter.
The public may also read and copy materials that the Company files with the SEC at the SECs Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains an internet site, at www.sec.gov, that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.
Item 1A | Risk FactorsSet forth below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and in other documents that the Corporation files with the SEC are risks that should be considered in evaluating the Corporations Common Stock, as well as risks and uncertainties that could cause the actual future results of the Company to differ from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements contained in this Report and in other public statements the Company makes. Additionally, because of the following risks and uncertainties, as well as other variables affecting the Companys operating results, the Companys past financial performance should not be considered an indicator of future performance.
If we cannot anticipate trends and develop new products or technologies responding to changing customer preferences, this could adversely affect our revenues or profitability.
The Company operates in highly competitive markets that are subject to rapid change, including changes in customer preferences. There are substantial uncertainties associated with the Companys efforts to develop successful educational, trade publishing, entertainment and software products and services for its customers, as well as to adapt its print materials to new technology, including the internet. The Company makes significant investments in new products and services that may not be profitable, or whose profitability may be significantly lower than the Company has experienced historically.
Our financial results would suffer if we fail to meet successfully market needs in school-based book clubs and book fairs, two of our core businesses.
The Companys school-based book clubs and book fairs are core businesses, which produce a substantial part of the Companys revenues. The Company has recently determined to discontinue two of its smaller school-based book clubs, Trumpet and Troll/Carnival, which is expected to result in lower revenues in the near term, and is changing its promotional strategy with respect to its other school-based book clubs for the school year starting in Fall 2006. The Company is subject to the risk that it will not successfully execute its new promotional strategy for its school-based books clubs or otherwise meet market needs in these businesses, which would have an adverse effect on the Companys financial results.
Our failure to successfully execute our recent change in business plan for our continuity business may adversely affect our financial results.
The Companys direct-to-home continuity business was affected by the implementation of the National Do-Not-Call Registry legislation in 2003, which has adversely affected the business and necessitated changes in marketing strategies and the development of new continuity products. In response, the Company adopted a significant change to the business plan for its direct-to-home continuity business, focusing on its more productive customers, which has, as anticipated,
12
resulted in a decline in continuity revenues from historical levels. The Company is subject to the risk that it will not successfully execute this plan and that the continuity business may not return to its historical levels of profitability.
If we are unsuccessful in achieving significant cost savings from the execution of our cost savings initiative, our profitability would be adversely affected.
In fiscal 2006, the Company announced that it was implementing a significant cost savings initiative, affecting all areas of the Company. The Company is subject to the risk that it will not meet successfully the announced goals of this cost savings initiative and that, even if successful, the achievement of the anticipated savings may not be sufficient to assist the Company in meeting its financial goals, adversely affecting profitability.
If we fail to maintain the continuance of strong relationships with our authors, illustrators and other creative talent, as well as to develop relationships with new creative talent, our business could be adversely affected.
The Companys business, in particular the trade publishing and media portions of the business, is highly dependent on maintaining strong relationships with the authors, illustrators and other creative talent who produce the products and services that are sold to its customers. Any overall weakening of these relationships, or the failure to develop successful new relationships, could have an adverse impact on the Companys business and financial performance.
If we fail to adapt to new purchasing patterns or requirements, especially in our educational publishing businesses, our business and financial results could be adversely affected.
The Companys business is affected significantly by changes in purchasing patterns or trends in, as well as the underlying strength of, the educational, trade, entertainment and software markets. In particular, the Companys educational publishing businesses may be adversely affected by changes in state educational funding as a result of new legislation or regulatory actions, both at the federal and state level, as well as changes in the procurement process, to which the Company may be unable to adapt successfully.
The competitive pressures we face in certain of our businesses could adversely affect our financial performance and growth prospects.
The Company is subject to significant competition, including from other educational and trade publishers and media, entertainment and internet companies, many of which are substantially larger than the Company and have much greater resources. To the extent the Company cannot meet these challenges from existing or new competitors, including in the educational publishing business, and develop new product offerings to meet customer preferences or needs, the Companys revenues and profitability could be adversely affected.
If we are unsuccessful in implementing our corporate strategy, including our cost savings initiative, we may not be able to maintain our historical growth.
Continuance of the Companys historical growth rate depends upon a number of factors, including the ability of the Company to implement successfully its strategies for the respective business units, the introduction and acceptance of new products and services, expansion in the global markets that the Company serves, and the successful completion of its recently announced cost savings initiative. Difficulties, delays, or failures experienced in connection with any of these factors could materially affect the future growth of the Company.
Increases in certain operating costs and expenses, which are beyond our control and can affect significantly our profitability, could adversely affect our operating performance.
The Companys major expense categories include employee compensation and printing, paper and distribution (including postage, shipping, and fuel) costs. The Company offers its employees competitive salaries and benefit packages in order to attract and retain the quality of employees required to grow and expand its businesses. Compensation costs are influenced by general economic factors, including
13
those affecting costs of health insurance, post-retirement benefits, and any trends specific to the employee skill sets the Company requires. In addition, the Companys reported earnings would be adversely affected by increases in pension costs due to poor investment returns and/or changes in pension regulations. Paper prices fluctuate based on worldwide demand and supply for paper, in general, and for the specific types of paper used by the Company. If there is a significant disruption in the supply of paper or increase in these costs, which would generally be beyond the control of the Company, or if the Companys strategies to try to manage these issues are ineffective, the Companys results of operations could be adversely affected.
The loss of or failure to obtain rights to intellectual property material to our businesses would adversely affect our financial results.
The Companys products generally comprise intellectual property delivered through a variety of media. The ability to achieve anticipated results depends in part on the Companys ability to defend its intellectual property against infringement, as well as the breadth of rights obtained. The Companys operating results could be adversely affected by inadequate legal and technological protections for intellectual property and proprietary rights in some jurisdictions and markets, and the Companys revenues could be constrained by limitations on the rights that the Company is able to secure to exploit its intellectual property in different media and distribution channels.
Because we sell our products and services in foreign countries, changes in currency exchange rates, as well as other risks and uncertainties, could adversely affect our operations and financial results.
The Corporation has various operating subsidiaries domiciled in foreign countries. In addition, the Company sells products and services to customers located in foreign countries where it does not have operating subsidiaries. Accordingly, the Company could be adversely affected by changes in currency exchange rates, as well as by the political and economic risks attendant to conducting business in foreign countries. These risks include the potential of political instability in developing nations where the Company is conducting business.
Certain of our activities are subject to weather risks, which could disrupt our operations or otherwise adversely affect our financial performance.
The Company conducts many of its businesses and maintains warehouse and office facilities in locations that are at risk of being negatively affected by severe weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, or snowstorms. For example, in the fall of 2005, a series of hurricanes had a severe impact on the Gulf Coast area of the United States, closing several thousand schools, displacing several hundred thousand students and their families, and, in turn, affecting the schools that took in those children. This impacted the Companys school-based book clubs, school-based book fairs, continuities, and education businesses. Accordingly, the Company could be adversely affected by any future significant weather event.
Control of the Company resides in our Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer and other members of his family through their ownership of Class A Stock, and the holders of the Common Stock generally have no voting rights in respect of transactions requiring stockholder approval.
The voting power of the Corporations capital stock is vested exclusively in the holders of Class A Stock, except for the right of the holders of Common Stock to elect one-fifth of the Board of Directors and except as otherwise provided by law or as may be established in favor of any series of preferred stock that may be issued. Richard Robinson, the Companys Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer, and other members of the Robinson family beneficially own all of the outstanding shares of Class A Stock and are able to elect up to four-fifths of the Corporations Board of Directors and, without the approval of the Corporations other stockholders, to effect or block other actions or transactions requiring stockholder approval, such as a merger, sale of substantially all assets, or similar transactions.
14
Forward-Looking Statements:
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements. Additional written and oral forward-looking statements may be made by the Company from time to time in SEC filings and otherwise. The Company cautions readers that results or expectations expressed by forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, those relating to the Companys future business prospects, plans, strategies, or goals, revenues, operating margins, working capital, liquidity, capital needs, interest costs and income, are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements, due to factors including those noted in this Report and other risks and factors identified from time to time in the Companys filings with the SEC. These factors should not be construed as exhaustive or as any admission regarding the adequacy of disclosures made by the Company prior to the date hereof. The Company disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Item 1B | Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 2 | Properties
The Company maintains its principal offices in the metropolitan New York area, where it leases approximately 600,000 square feet of space. The Company also owns or leases approximately 1.6 million square feet of office and warehouse space for its primary warehouse and distribution facility located in the Jefferson City, Missouri area. The Companys distribution facility in Maumelle, Arkansas, consisting of a 500,000 square foot main floor and a 246,000 square foot mezzanine, serves as the Companys primary packaging and fulfillment center for its continuity programs. In addition, the Company owns or leases approximately 2.9 million square feet of office and warehouse space in over 80 facilities in the United States, principally for Scholastic Book Fairs.
Additionally, the Company owns or leases approximately 1.7 million square feet of office and warehouse space in over 100 facilities in Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Southeast Asia and elsewhere around the world for its international businesses.
The Company considers its properties adequate for its current needs. With respect to the Companys leased properties, no difficulties are anticipated in negotiating renewals as leases expire or in finding other satisfactory space, if current premises become unavailable. For further information concerning the Companys obligations under its leases, see Notes 1 and 4 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Item 3 | Legal Proceedings
Various claims and lawsuits arising in the normal course of business are pending against the Company. The results of these proceedings are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Companys consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Item 4 | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
During the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report, no matter was submitted to the vote of security holders, through the solicitation of proxies or otherwise.
15
Part II
Item 5 | Market for the Registrants Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Scholastic Corporations Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share (the Common Stock), is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market (formerly the NASDAQ National Market) under the symbol SCHL. Scholastic Corporations Class A Stock, par value $0.01 per share (the Class A Stock), is convertible into Common Stock on a share-for-share basis. There is no public trading market for the Class A Stock. The table below sets forth, for the periods indicated, the quarterly high and low selling prices for the Common Stock as reported by NASDAQ.
For fiscal years ended May 31,
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High | Low | High | Low | ||||||||
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First Quarter |
$
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39.74 |
$
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35.20 |
$
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30.38 |
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25.90 | |||
Second Quarter | 38.00 | 31.86 | 32.98 | 28.34 | |||||||
Third Quarter | 34.66 | 27.33 | 37.75 | 31.71 | |||||||
Fourth Quarter | 31.25 | 25.35 | 40.04 | 33.08 | |||||||
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Scholastic Corporation has not paid any cash dividends since its initial public offering in February 1992 and has no current plans to pay any dividends on the Class A Stock or the Common Stock. In addition, certain of the Companys credit facilities restrict the payment of dividends. See Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, for further information.
The number of holders of record of Class A Stock and Common Stock as of July 26, 2006 were 3 and approximately 11,100, respectively.
16
Item 6 | Selected Financial Data | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(Amounts in millions, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
For fiscal years ended May 31,
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2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Statement of Income Data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 2,283.8 | $ | 2,079.9 | $ | 2,233.8 | $ | 1,958.3 | $ | 1,917.0 | ||||||||||||
Cost of goods sold(1)(2) | 1,103.1 | 979.0 | 1,086.8 | 882.1 | 852.1 | |||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses(1) | 916.5 | 840.7 | 870.1 | 813.1 | 765.1 | |||||||||||||||||
Bad debt expense(1)(3) | 59.1 | 62.2 | 90.3 | 72.3 | 68.7 | |||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 65.8 | 63.1 | 62.1 | 52.1 | 41.4 | |||||||||||||||||
Operating income(4) | 139.3 | 134.9 | 121.2 | 125.9 | 188.5 | |||||||||||||||||
Other income (expense)(5) | | | 8.0 | 2.9 | (2.0 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net | 31.7 | 35.2 | 39.6 | 38.3 | 38.0 | |||||||||||||||||
Net income(6) | 68.6 | 64.3 | 57.8 | 58.8 | 90.5 | |||||||||||||||||
Earnings per share: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 1.65 | $ | 1.61 | $ | 1.47 | $ | 1.50 | $ | 2.46 | ||||||||||||
Diluted | $ | 1.63 | $ | 1.58 | $ | 1.44 | $ | 1.46 | $ | 2.31 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding basic | 41.6 | 40.0 | 39.4 | 39.1 | 36.7 | |||||||||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding diluted | 42.2 | 40.8 | 40.1 | 40.1 | 40.1 | |||||||||||||||||
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Balance Sheet Data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Working capital | $ | 389.9 | $ | 564.5 | $ | 467.4 | $ | 381.9 | $ | 449.6 | ||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 205.3 | 110.6 | 17.8 | 58.6 | 10.7 | |||||||||||||||||
Total assets | 2,052.2 | 1,931.4 | 1,831.8 | 1,863.0 | 1,694.9 | |||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt (excluding capital leases) | 173.2 | 476.5 | 492.5 | 482.2 | 525.8 | |||||||||||||||||
Total debt | 502.4 | 501.4 | 516.6 | 635.9 | 549.3 | |||||||||||||||||
Long-term capital lease obligations | 61.4 | 63.4 | 63.8 | 58.2 | 56.8 | |||||||||||||||||
Total capital lease obligations | 68.9 | 74.4 | 74.0 | 66.8 | 61.7 | |||||||||||||||||
Total stockholders equity | 1,049.3 | 937.1 | 845.4 | 762.6 | 708.8 | |||||||||||||||||
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(1) | In fiscal 2004, the Company recorded pre-tax charges of $25.4, or $0.41 per diluted share, in connection with a review of its continuity business. These charges have been recorded primarily as components of Cost of goods sold of $6.8; Selling, general and administrative expenses of $15.2; and Bad debt expense of $2.0. In fiscal 2005, the Company recorded additional pre-tax charges of $3.8, or $0.06 per diluted share, primarily related to severance costs due to the review of its continuity business, which have been recorded as a component of Selling, general and administrative expenses. |
(2) | In fiscal 2006, the Company recorded pre-tax costs of $3.2, or $0.05 per diluted share, related to the write-down of certain print reference set assets. |
(3) | In fiscal 2006, the Company recorded pre-tax bad debt expense of $2.9, or $0.04 per diluted share, associated with the bankruptcy of a customer. |
(4) | In fiscal 2004 and fiscal 2003, the Company recorded pre-tax special severance charges of $3.3, or $0.05 per diluted share, and $10.9, or $0.18 per diluted share, respectively, relating to a reduction in its work force announced in May 2003 but implemented in those periods. |
(5) | In fiscal 2004, the Company recorded a pre-tax net gain of $8.0, or $0.13 per diluted share, in connection with the early termination of a sublease by one of its tenants. In fiscal 2003, the Company sold a portion of an equity investment, resulting in a pre-tax gain of $2.9, or $0.05 per diluted share. In fiscal 2002, the Company wrote off an equity investment, resulting in a pre-tax loss of $2.0, or $0.03 per diluted share. |
(6) | In fiscal 2002, the Company adopted Statement of Position No. 00-2, Accounting by Producers and Distributors of Films, which resulted in an after-tax charge of $5.2, or $0.13 per diluted share, recorded as a Cumulative effect of accounting change. |
17
Item 7 | Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
General
The Company categorizes its businesses into four operating segments: Childrens
Book Publishing and Distribution; Educational Publishing; Media, Licensing and
Advertising (which collectively represent
the Companys domestic operations); and International.
This classification reflects the nature of products and services consistent with
the method by which the Companys chief operating decision-maker assesses
operating performance and allocates resources.
The following discussion and analysis of the Companys financial position and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the Companys Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes included in Item 8, Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Overview and Outlook
Fiscal
2006 revenues increased approximately 10% from fiscal 2005 to approximately $2.3 billion, led by higher revenues in the Companys Childrens
Book Publishing and Distribution segment, primarily due to the release of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, the sixth book in the planned seven book series, on
July 16, 2005. Revenues also increased in the Educational Publishing segment,
led by sales of educational technology products, including the Companys READ 180 reading intervention program, and in the International and Media,
Licensing and Advertising segments.
Net income increased 6.7% to $68.6 million in fiscal 2006, due to improved results in the Childrens Book Publishing and Distribution segment, as a result of higher Harry Potter revenues. This improvement was partially offset by lower profits in each of the other operating segments.
In fiscal 2007, the Company expects to improve overall profitability on slightly lower revenues. This goal is based on: (1) revenue and profit growth in the school-based book fair, continuities and non-Harry Potter trade publishing businesses within the Childrens Book Publishing and Distribution segment, partially offsetting the revenue and profit impact from lower Harry Potter sales in a year with no scheduled new release, and lower revenues and higher profits in the school-based book clubs, based on the Companys decision to eliminate its Trumpet and Troll/Carnival book clubs; (2) revenue growth in the Educational Publishing segment, based on last years investment in sales and support, particularly from educational technology; (3) continued revenue growth in the International segment with improved profitability; and (4) ongoing implementation of the Companys previously announced cost savings plan to reduce overhead spending.
18
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
General:
The
Companys discussion and analysis of its financial condition and results
of operations is based upon its consolidated financial statements, which have
been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in
the United States. The preparation of these financial statements involves the
use of estimates and assumptions by management, which affect the amounts reported
in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The Company
bases its estimates on historical experience, current business factors, and various
other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, all of which
are necessary in order to form a basis for determining the carrying values of
assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from those estimates and assumptions.
On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates the adequacy of its reserves and the
estimates used in calculations, including, but not limited to: collectability
of accounts receivable and installment receivables; sales returns; amortization
periods; pension and other post-retirement obligations; and recoverability of
inventories, deferred promotion costs, deferred income taxes and tax reserves,
prepublication costs, royalty advances, goodwill and other intangibles.
The following policies and account descriptions include all those identified by the Company as critical to its business operations and the understanding of its results of operations:
Revenue recognition:
The
Companys revenue recognition policies for its principal businesses are as follows:
School-Based Book Clubs Revenue from school-based book clubs is recognized upon shipment of the products.
School-Based Book Fairs Revenue from school-based book fairs, which are generally a week in duration, is recognized ratably as each book fair occurs.
Continuity Programs The Company operates continuity programs whereby customers generally place an order to receive multiple shipments of childrens books and other products over a period of time. Revenue from continuity programs is recognized at the time of shipment or, in applicable cases, upon customer acceptance. Reserves for estimated returns are established at the time of sale and recorded as a reduction to revenue. Actual returns are charged to the reserve as received. The calculation of the reserve for estimated returns is based on historical return rates and sales patterns. Actual returns could differ from the Companys estimate. A one percentage point change in the estimated reserve for returns rate by product and media would have resulted in an increase or decrease in operating income for the year ended May 31, 2006 of approximately $0.2 million.
Trade Revenue from the sale of childrens books for distribution in the retail channel is primarily recognized when title transfers to the customer, which generally is at the time of shipment, or when the product is on sale and available to the public. A reserve for estimated returns is established at the time of sale and recorded as a reduction to revenue. Actual returns are charged to the reserve as received. The calculation of the reserve for estimated returns is based on historical return rates and sales patterns. Actual returns could differ from the Companys estimate. A one percentage point change in the estimated reserve for returns rate would have resulted in an increase or decrease in operating income for the year ended May 31, 2006 of approximately $1.5 million.
Educational Publishing For shipments to schools, revenue is recognized on passage of title, which generally occurs upon receipt by the customer. Shipments to depositories are on consignment. Revenue is recognized based on actual shipments from the depositories to the schools. For certain software-based products, the Company offers new customers installation and training. In such cases, revenue is recognized when installation and training are complete.
19
Toy Catalog Revenue from the sale of childrens toys to the home through catalogs is recognized when title transfers to the customer, which is generally at the time of shipment. A reserve for estimated returns is established at the time of sale and recorded as a reduction to revenue. Actual returns are charged to the reserve as received. The calculation of the reserve for estimated returns is based on historical return rates and sales patterns. Actual returns could differ from the Companys estimate.
Film Production and Licensing Revenue from the sale of film rights, principally for the home video and domestic and foreign television markets, is recognized when the film has been delivered and is available for showing or exploitation. Licensing revenue is recorded in accordance with royalty agreements at the time the licensed materials are available to the licensee and collections are reasonably assured.
Magazines Revenue is deferred and recognized ratably over the subscription period, as the magazines are delivered.
Magazine Advertising Revenue is recognized when the magazine is on sale and available to the subscribers.
Scholastic In-School Marketing Revenue is recognized when the Company has satisfied its obligations under the program and the customer has acknowledged acceptance of the product or service.
For the fiscal years ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, no significant changes have been made to the underlying assumptions related to the revenue recognition policy or the methodology applied.
Accounts receivable:
Accounts receivable are recorded net of allowances for doubtful accounts and reserves for returns. In the normal course of business, the Company extends credit to customers that satisfy predefined credit criteria. The
Company is required to estimate the collectability of its receivables. Reserves for returns are based on historical return rates and sales patterns.
Allowances for doubtful accounts are established through the evaluation of accounts receivable agings and prior collection experience to estimate the ultimate collectability of these receivables. A one percentage point change in the estimated bad debt reserve rates, which are applied to the accounts receivable agings, would have resulted in an increase or decrease in operating income for the year ended May 31, 2006 of approximately $2.5 million.
Inventories:
Inventories,
consisting principally of books, are stated at the lower of cost, using the first-in,
first-out method, or market. The Company records a reserve for excess and obsolete
inventory based upon a calculation using the historical usage rates and sales
patterns of its products. The impact of a one percentage point change in the
obsolescence reserve would have resulted in an increase or decrease in operating
income for the year ended May 31, 2006 of approximately $4.7 million.
Deferred promotion costs:
Deferred
promotion costs represent direct mail, internet and telemarketing promotion costs
incurred to acquire customers in the Companys continuity and magazine businesses.
Promotional costs are deferred when incurred and amortized in the proportion
that current revenues bear to estimated total revenues. The Company regularly
evaluates the operating performance of the promotions over their life cycle based
on historical and forecasted demand and adjusts the carrying value accordingly.
Except as discussed above, all other advertising costs are expensed as incurred.
A one percentage point change in estimated direct mail, internet and telemarketing revenues
would not materially affect operating performance.
Leases:
Lease
agreements are evaluated to determine whether they are capital or operating leases
in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 13, Accounting For Leases, as
amended (SFAS No. 13). When substantially all of the risks and benefits
of property ownership have been transferred
20
to the Company, as determined by the test criteria in SFAS No. 13, the lease then qualifies as a capital lease.
Capital leases are capitalized at the lower of the net present value of the total amount of rent payable under the leasing agreement (excluding finance charges) or the fair market value of the leased asset. Capital lease assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis, over a period consistent with the Companys normal depreciation policy for tangible fixed assets, but generally not exceeding the lease term. Interest charges are expensed over the period of the lease in relation to the carrying value of the capital lease obligation.
Rent expense for operating leases, which may include free rent or fixed escalation amounts in addition to minimum lease payments, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the duration of each lease term.
Prepublication costs:
The
Company capitalizes the art, prepress, editorial and other costs incurred in
the creation of the master copy of a book or other media (the prepublication costs).
Prepublication costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over a three to seven
year period based on expected future revenues. The Company regularly reviews
the recoverability of the capitalized costs.
Royalty advances:
The Company records a reserve for the recoverability of its outstanding advances to authors based primarily upon historical earndown experience. Royalty advances are expensed as related revenues are earned or when future
recovery appears doubtful.
Goodwill and other intangibles:
Goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized and are reviewed for impairment annually, or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. With regard to goodwill, these reviews require the
Company to estimate the fair value of its identified reporting units. For each of the reporting units, the estimated fair value is determined utilizing the expected present value of the projected future cash flows of the units, which is compared to the carrying value of the net assets of the reporting units. With regard to other intangibles with indefinite lives, the Company determines the fair value by asset, which
is then compared to its carrying value.
Other noncurrent liabilities:
All
of the rate assumptions discussed below impact the Companys calculations of its pension and post-retirement obligations. The rates applied by the Company are based on the portfolios past
average rates of return and discussions with actuaries. Any change in market
performance, interest rate performance, assumed health care costs trend rate,
or compensation rates could result in significant changes in the Companys pension and
post-retirement obligations.
Pension obligations Scholastic Corporation and certain of its subsidiaries have defined benefit pension plans covering the majority of their employees who meet certain eligibility requirements. The Company follows SFAS No. 87, Employers Accounting for Pensions, in calculating the existing benefit obligations and net cost under the plans. These calculations are based on three primary actuarial assumptions: the discount rate, the long-term expected rate of return on plan assets, and the anticipated rate of compensation increases. The discount rate is used in the measurement of the projected, accumulated and vested benefit obligations and the service and interest cost components of net periodic pension costs. The long-term expected return on plan assets is used to calculate the expected earnings from the investment or reinvestment of plan assets. The anticipated rate of compensation increase is used to estimate the increase in compensation for participants of the plan from their current age to their assumed retirement age. The estimated compensation amounts are used to determine the benefit obligations and the service cost. A one percentage point change in the discount rate and expected long-term return on plan assets would have resulted in an increase or decrease in operating income for the year ended May 31, 2006 of
21
approximately $0.2 million and $1.2 million, respectively. Pension benefits in the cash balance plan for employees located in the United States are based on formulas in which the employees balances are credited monthly with interest based on the average rate for one-year United States Treasury Bills plus 1%. Contribution credits are based on employees years of service and compensation levels during their employment period.
Other post-retirement benefits Scholastic Corporation provides post-retirement benefits, consisting of healthcare and life insurance benefits, to retired United States-based employees. A majority of these employees may become eligible for these benefits if they reach normal retirement age while working for the Company. The post-retirement medical plan benefits are funded on a pay-as-you-go basis, with the Company paying a portion of the premium and the employee paying the remainder. The Company follows SFAS No. 106, Employers Accounting for Post-Retirement Benefits Other than Pensions, in calculating the existing benefit obligation, which is based on the discount rate and the assumed health care cost trend rate. The discount rate is used in the measurement of the projected and accumulated benefit obligations and the service and interest cost components of net periodic post-retirement benefit cost. The assumed health care cost trend rate is used in the measurement of the long term expected increase in medical claims. A one percentage point change in the discount rate and the medical cost trend rate would have resulted in an increase or decrease in operating income for the year ended May 31, 2006 of approximately $0.0 million and $0.2 million, respectively.
Management has discussed the development and selection of these critical accounting policies with the Audit Committee of the Corporations Board of Directors. The Audit Committee has reviewed the Companys disclosure relating to the policies described in this Item 7, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
22
Results of Operations | ||||||||||||
($ amounts in millions, except per share data) | ||||||||||||
For fiscal years ended May 31, | ||||||||||||
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Revenues: | ||||||||||||
Childrens Book Publishing
and Distribution
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1,304.0 | 57.1 | 1,152.5 | 55.4 | 1,358.6 | 60.8 | ||||||
Educational Publishing | 416.1 | 18.2 | 404.6 | 19.5 | 369.1 | 16.5 | ||||||
Media, Licensing and Advertising | 151.6 | 6.7 | 133.1 | 6.4 | 136.4 | 6.1 | ||||||
International | 412.1 | 18.0 | 389.7 | 18.7 | 369.7 | 16.6 | ||||||
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Total revenues | 2,283.8 | 100.0 | 2,079.9 | 100.0 | 2,233.8 | 100.0 | ||||||
Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation)(2) | 1,099.9 | 48.2 | 979.0 | 47.1 | 1,086.8 | 48.7 | ||||||
Cost of goods sold Reference sets(3) | 3.2 | 0.1 | | | | | ||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses(2) | 916.5 | 40.1 | 840.7 | 40.4 | 870.1 | 39.0 | ||||||
Bad debt expense(2) | 56.2 | 2.5 | 62.2 | 3.0 | 90.3 | 4.0 | ||||||
Bad debt expense Educational Publishing(4) | 2.9 | 0.1 | | | | | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 65.8 | 2.9 | 63.1 | 3.0 | 62.1 | 2.8 | ||||||
Special severance charges(5) | | | | | 3.3 | 0.1 | ||||||
Operating income | 139.3 | 6.1 | 134.9 | 6.5 | 121.2 | 5.4 | ||||||
Other income(6) | | | | | 8.0 | 0.4 | ||||||
Interest income | 3.5 | 0.1 | 1.0 | | 0.4 | | ||||||
Interest expense | 35.2 | 1.5 | 36.2 | 1.7 | 40.0 | 1.8 | ||||||
Earnings before income taxes | 107.6 | 4.7 | 99.7 | 4.8 | 89.6 | 4.0 | ||||||
Net income | 68.6 | 3.0 | 64.3 | 3.1 | 57.8 | 2.6 | ||||||
Earnings per share: | ||||||||||||
Basic | 1.65 | 1.61 | 1.47 | |||||||||
Diluted | 1.63 | 1.58 | 1.44 | |||||||||
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Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with the present year presentation. | ||||||||||||
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(1) | Represents percentage of total revenues. |
(2) | In fiscal 2004, the Company recorded pre-tax charges of $25.4, or $0.41 per diluted share, in connection with a review of its continuity business. These charges have been recorded primarily as components of Cost of goods sold of $6.8; Selling, general and administrative expenses of $15.2; and Bad debt expense of $2.0. In fiscal 2005, the Company recorded additional pre-tax charges of $3.8, or $0.06 per diluted share, primarily related to severance costs due to the review of its continuity business, which have been recorded as a component of Selling, general and administrative expenses. |
(3) | In fiscal 2006, the Company recorded pre-tax costs of $3.2, or $0.05 per diluted share, related to the write-down of certain print reference set assets. |
(4) | In fiscal 2006, the Company recorded pre-tax bad debt expense of $2.9, or $0.04 per diluted share, associated with the bankruptcy of a customer. |
(5) | In fiscal 2004, the Company recorded pre-tax Special severance charges of $3.3, or $0.05 per diluted share, relating to the portion of a reduction in its work force that was announced in fiscal 2003 but implemented in fiscal 2004. |
(6) | In fiscal 2004, the Company recorded a pre-tax net gain of $8.0, or $0.13 per diluted share, in connection with the early termination of a sublease by one of its tenants. |
23
Results of Operations Consolidated
Revenues for fiscal 2006 increased 9.8%, or $203.9 million, to $2,283.8 million, as compared to $2,079.9 million in fiscal 2005, based on revenue growth in each of the Companys four operating segments, but primarily attributable to $151.5 million in higher revenues from the Childrens Book Publishing and Distribution segment, principally due to the release of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, the sixth book in the planned seven book series, in July 2005. Revenues grew in the International; Media, Licensing and Advertising; and Educational Publishing segments by $22.4 million, $18.5 million and $11.5 million, respectively. Revenues for fiscal 2005 decreased 6.9%, or $153.9 million, as compared to $2,233.8 million in fiscal 2004. This decrease related primarily to $206.1 million in lower revenues from the Childrens Book Publishing and Distribution segment, principally due to the fiscal 2004 release of Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, the fifth book in the series. This decrease was partially offset by higher revenues from the Educational Publishing and International segments of $35.5 million and $20.0 million, respectively.
Cost of goods sold for fiscal 2006 increased to $1,103.1 million, or 48.3% of revenues, compared to $979.0 million, or 47.1% of revenues, in the prior fiscal year. This increase was primarily due to higher costs related to the release of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince in fiscal 2006. Cost of goods sold in fiscal 2006 also included $3.2 million related to the write-down of certain print reference set assets, which is included in the Educational Publishing segment. Cost of goods sold for fiscal 2005 decreased 9.9%, or $107.8 million, as compared to $1,086.8 million, or 48.7% of revenues, in the prior fiscal year. This decrease was primarily due to costs in fiscal 2004 related to the release of Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix in that year. In fiscal 2004, the Company recorded certain charges in connection with a review of its continuity business (Continuity charges), of which $6.8 million was recorded as a component of Cost of goods sold.
In fiscal 2006, Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue decreased slightly to 40.1% from 40.4% in the prior fiscal year. The decrease was primarily due to the revenue benefit of the fiscal 2006 Harry Potter release without a corresponding increase in related expense, substantially offset by increased costs in other portions of the Childrens Book Publishing and Distribution segment and the Educational Publishing Segment. Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue in fiscal 2005 increased to 40.4% from 39.0% in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to the revenue benefit of the fiscal 2004 Harry Potter release without a corresponding increase in related expense. In fiscal 2005 and fiscal 2004, Selling, general and administrative expenses included Continuity charges of $3.8 million and $15.2 million, respectively.
Bad debt expense for fiscal 2006 decreased to $59.1 million, or 2.6% of revenues, compared to $62.2 million, or 3.0% of revenues, in the prior fiscal year. This decrease was primarily due to lower bad debt in the Companys continuity business, which is included in the Childrens Book Publishing and Distribution segment, partially offset by bad debt expense of $2.9 million associated with the bankruptcy of a for-profit educational services customer in the Educational Publishing segment. Bad debt expense for fiscal 2005 decreased by $28.1 million, or 31.1%, as compared to $90.3 million, or 4.0% of revenues, in the prior fiscal year, primarily related to lower bad debt in the Companys continuity business. The lower levels of bad debt expense in the Companys continuity business resulted primarily from the Companys previously announced plan for this business to focus on its more productive customers. Bad debt expense in fiscal 2004 included Continuity charges of $2.0 million.
Depreciation and amortization expense for fiscal 2006 increased to $65.8 million, compared to $63.1 million in fiscal 2005. Depreciation and amortization expense for fiscal 2005 increased by $1.0 million, compared to $62.1 million in fiscal 2004. These increases were principally associated with the depreciation of information technology equipment.
24
In fiscal 2004, the Company recorded $3.3 million in Special severance charges related to a reduction in its global work force.
The resulting operating income for fiscal 2006 increased by $4.4 million, or 3.3%, to $139.3 million, as compared to $134.9 million in the prior fiscal year. This improvement reflected $20.7 million in higher profits from the Childrens Book Publishing and Distribution segment, partially offset by decreases of $8.9 million in the Educational Publishing segment and $7.6 million in the International segment, as compared to the prior fiscal year. In fiscal 2005, operating income increased by $13.7 million, or 11.3%, compared to $121.2 million in the prior fiscal year. This improvement reflected $22.4 million in higher profits from the Educational Publishing segment, partially offset by a decrease of $11.1 million in the Childrens Book Publishing and Distribution segment profits, as compared to the prior fiscal year.
In fiscal 2004, the Company recorded $8.0 million in Other income, representing the net gain on the early termination of a sublease by one of its tenants.
Interest income for fiscal 2006 increased by $2.5 million to $3.5 million, as compared to $1.0 million in fiscal 2005, primarily due to higher average cash balances. Interest income in fiscal 2005 increased by $0.6 million as compared to fiscal 2004.
Interest expense for fiscal 2006 decreased by $1.0 million, or 2.8%, to $35.2 million, as compared to $36.2 million in fiscal 2005. Interest expense for fiscal 2005 decreased by $3.8 million, as compared to $40.0 million in fiscal 2004. These decreases were primarily due to lower average debt levels.
The Companys effective tax rate in fiscal 2006 increased to 36.25% from 35.5% of earnings before taxes for each of fiscal 2005 and fiscal 2004. The increase in fiscal 2006 was primarily due to higher effective state and local tax rates.
Net income increased 6.7% to $68.6 million in fiscal 2006, from $64.3 million in fiscal 2005, which increased 11.2% from $57.8 million in fiscal 2004. The basic and diluted earnings per share of Class A Stock and Common Stock were $1.65 and $1.63, respectively, in fiscal 2006, $1.61 and $1.58, respectively, in fiscal 2005, and $1.47 and $1.44, respectively, in fiscal 2004.
Results of Operations Segments | |||||||||
C H I L D R E N S B O O K P U B L I S H I N G A N D D I S T R I B U T I O N | |||||||||
($ amounts in millions) | |||||||||
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2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||
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Revenue | $ | 1,304.0 | $ | 1,152.5 | $ | 1,358.6 | |||
Operating income | 114.2 | 93.5 | (1) | 104.6 | (1) | ||||
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Operating margin | 8.8 | % | 8.1 | % | 7.7 | % |
(1) | Includes the portion of the Continuity charges related to this segment of approximately $4 in fiscal 2005 and approximately $22 in fiscal 2004. |
Childrens Book Publishing and Distribution revenues accounted for 57.1% of the Companys revenues in fiscal 2006, 55.4% in fiscal 2005 and 60.8% in fiscal 2004. In fiscal 2006, segment revenues increased by $151.5 million, or 13.1%, to $1,304.0 million from $1,152.5 million in fiscal 2005. This increase was primarily due to higher revenues in the Companys trade business, which rose by $171.7 million driven by the release of the sixth Harry Potter book, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, in July 2005, as well as higher revenues from school-based book fairs, which improved by $22.2 million. These improvements were partially offset by declines in school-based book club revenues, which decreased by $23.0 million, and lower continuity program revenues, which decreased by $19.4 million.
In fiscal 2005, segment revenues decreased by $206.1 million, or 15.2%, from $1,358.6 million in fiscal 2004. This decrease was primarily attributable to a $142.2 million decline in the Companys trade revenues, in a year without a Harry Potter release. Continuity program revenues decreased by $73.8 million compared to the prior fiscal year, as the Company implemented its new plan for this business. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of $17.0 million in revenues from the school-based book fairs business.
25
Revenues from school-based book fairs accounted for 29.5% of segment revenues in fiscal 2006, compared to 31.5% in fiscal 2005 and 25.4% in fiscal 2004. In fiscal 2006, school-based book fair revenues increased by 6.1% to $384.8 million over fiscal 2005, primarily due to growth in revenue per fair as a result of better product offerings. Fiscal 2005 revenues increased by 4.9% to $362.6 million versus fiscal 2004, primarily due to growth in revenue per fair.
School-based book club revenues accounted for 28.7% of Childrens Book Publishing and Distribution revenues in fiscal 2006, compared to 34.4% in fiscal 2005 and 29.7% in fiscal 2004. In fiscal 2006, school-based book club revenues decreased by 5.8% to $373.9 million as compared to fiscal 2005, primarily due to a lower number of orders in the Trumpet and Troll/Carnival clubs, which resulted from the Companys promotional strategy to shift customers from these smaller, less efficient clubs to its core Scholastic-branded clubs. In fiscal 2005, school-based book club revenues declined by 1.8%, or $7.1 million, to $396.9 million, as compared to fiscal 2004, primarily due to lower revenue per order.
The trade distribution channel accounted for 27.0% of segment revenues in fiscal 2006, as compared to 15.7% in fiscal 2005 and 23.9% in fiscal 2004. Trade revenues increased to $352.6 million in fiscal 2006 compared to $180.9 million in fiscal 2005, due to the release of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince in July 2005. In fiscal 2005, trade revenues decreased 44.0%, compared to $323.1 million in fiscal 2004, principally due to a decline in Harry Potter revenues as compared to fiscal 2004, which included the release of Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix. Trade revenues for Harry Potter were approximately $195 million, $20 million and $175 million in fiscal 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
In fiscal 2006, continuity revenues accounted for 14.8% of segment revenues, as compared to 18.4% in fiscal 2005 and 21.0% in fiscal 2004. Revenues from the continuity business in fiscal 2006 decreased 9.1% to $192.7 million, as compared to fiscal 2005. Revenues from the continuity business in fiscal 2005 decreased 25.8% to $212.1 million, as compared to fiscal 2004. These decreases were consistent with the Companys previously announced plan for this business to focus on its more productive customers.
Segment operating income in fiscal 2006 improved by $20.7 million, or 22.1%, to $114.2 million, compared to $93.5 million in fiscal 2005, principally due to better operating results for the trade business, driven by the profit impact of higher Harry Potter revenues. This improvement was partially offset by lower operating results in the school-based book club and continuity businesses due to decreases in revenues and increased promotional costs.
In fiscal 2005, segment operating income declined by $11.1 million, or 10.6%, from $104.6 million in fiscal 2004. This decline was principally attributable to lower operating results for the Companys trade business, which decreased by approximately $27 million, primarily due to lower Harry Potter revenues, partially offset by an approximately $22 million increase in operating income from continuity programs. In fiscal 2005 and fiscal 2004, segment operating expenses included Continuity charges of approximately $4 million and $22 million, respectively.
The following highlights the results of the direct-to-home portion of the Companys continuity programs, which consists primarily of the business formerly operated by Grolier and included in the Childrens Book Publishing and Distibution segment.
Direct-to-home continuity | ($ amounts in millions)
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Revenue | $ | 134.9 | $ | 147.5 | $ | 203.8 | |||
Operating loss | (13.6 | ) | (2.8 | )(1) | (10.4 | )(1) |
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Operating margin | * | * | * | ||||||
* not meaningful |
(1) | Includes the direct-to-home portion of the Continuity charges related to this segment of approximately $4 in fiscal 2005 and approximately $15 in fiscal 2004. |
In fiscal 2006, revenues from the direct-to-home portion of the Companys continuity business decreased to $134.9 million from $147.5 million in fiscal 2005, compared to $203.8 million in fiscal 2004.
26
The direct-to-home continuity business operating loss was $13.6 million in fiscal 2006 compared to a $2.8 million operating loss in fiscal 2005, due to decreased revenue and higher promotional costs and increased severance costs related to the Companys decision to outsource the remaining telemarketing operations associated with this business. In fiscal 2004, the $10.4 million operating loss was primarily due to the effect of the Continuity charge of approximately $15 million attributable to this business.
Excluding the direct-to-home continuity business, segment revenues in fiscal 2006 were $1,169.1 million, as compared to $1,005.0 million in fiscal 2005 and $1,154.8 million in fiscal 2004, and segment operating income in fiscal 2006 was $127.8 million, compared to $96.3 million in fiscal 2005 and $115.0 million in fiscal 2004.
E D U C A T I O N A L P U B L I S H I N G | |||||||||
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Revenue | $ | 416.1 | $ | 404.6 | $ | 369.1 | |||
Operating income | 69.6 | (1) | 78.5 | 56.1 | |||||
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Operating margin | 16.7 | % | 19.4 | % | 15.2 | % |
(1) | Includes $3.2 related to the write-down of certain print reference set assets and bad debt expense of $2.9 related to the bankruptcy of a customer. |
Segment revenues accounted for 18.2% of the Companys revenues in fiscal 2006, compared to 19.5% in fiscal 2005 and 16.5% in fiscal 2004. In fiscal 2006, Educational Publishing revenues increased by $11.5 million, or 2.8%, to $416.1 million from $404.6 million in the prior fiscal year. This increase was due to approximately $18 million of higher revenues from sales of educational technology products, which includes the Companys READ 180 reading intervention program and its new FASTT Math program, partially offset by $3.8 million in lower Library Publishing revenue. The $35.5 million increase in Educational Publishing revenues in fiscal 2005 compared to fiscal 2004 was due to higher revenues from sales of educational technology products.
Segment operating income in fiscal 2006 decreased by $8.9 million, or 11.3%, to $69.6 million, as compared to $78.5 million in the prior fiscal year, reflecting increased costs related to additional sales and technology support staff in connection with the Companys educational technology products, particularly the upgraded READ 180 Enterprise Edition. Fiscal 2006 segment results also included $3.2 million of costs primarily due to the accelerated amortization of prepublication costs related to the Companys decision not to update certain print reference sets in response to increased use of internet-based reference products. In addition, fiscal 2006 segment results included $2.9 million of bad debt expense related to the bankruptcy of a for-profit educational services customer. In fiscal 2005, segment operating income increased by $22.4 million, or 39.9%, from $56.1 million in fiscal 2004, primarily due to the revenue growth from sales of educational technology products, which have relatively higher gross margins.
M E D I A , L I C E N S I N G A N D A D V E R T I S I N G | |||||||||
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Revenue | $ | 151.6 | $ | 133.1 | $ | 136.4 | |||
Operating income | 10.3 | 11.0 | 10.9 | ||||||
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Operating margin | 6.8 | % | 8.3 | % | 8.0 | % |
Media, Licensing and Advertising revenues accounted for 6.7% of the Companys revenues in fiscal 2006, 6.4% in fiscal 2005 and 6.1% in fiscal 2004. In fiscal 2006, revenues improved by $18.5 million, or 13.9%, to $151.6 million from $133.1 million in fiscal 2005. This increase was primarily due to a $6.7 million increase in revenues from software and new multimedia products, such as Read With Me DVD! and Leapster, and revenue increases from consumer magazine custom publishing programs, Back to Basics Toys and television programming of $5.0 million, $4.3 million and $3.0 million, respectively. In fiscal 2005, segment revenues decreased by $3.3 million, or 2.4%, from $136.4 million in fiscal 2004, due principally to a decline of $6.8 million in programming revenue, primarily as a result of the fiscal 2004 release of the feature film Cliffords Really Big Movie, which was partially offset by $2.9 million in higher revenues from Back to Basic Toys.
27
Media, Licensing and Advertising operating income decreased slightly to $10.3 million in fiscal 2006, compared to $11.0 million in fiscal 2005. This decrease occurred despite higher revenues due in part to higher production costs associated with the delivery of certain television programming. In fiscal 2005, segment operating income remained relatively flat at $11.0 million, compared to $10.9 million in fiscal 2004.
I N T E R N A T I O N A L | |||||||||
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Revenue | $ | 412.1 | $ | 389.7 | $ | 369.7 | |||
Operating income | 22.7 | 30.3 | 23.5 | (1) | |||||
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Operating margin | 5.5 | % | 7.8 | % | 6.4 | % |
(1) | Includes the portion of the Continuity charges related to this segment of approximately $3. |
International revenues accounted for 18.0% of the Companys revenues in fiscal 2006, 18.7% in fiscal 2005 and 16.6% in fiscal 2004. Segment revenues increased by $22.4 million, or 5.7%, to $412.1 million in fiscal 2006 from $389.7 million in fiscal 2005. This increase was due to higher local currency revenue growth in Southeast Asia, Australia and Canada equivalent to $9.7 million, $5.3 million and $3.3 million, respectively. In addition, fiscal 2006 segment revenue benefited from favorable changes in foreign currency exchange rates, which increased by $4.7 million compared to the prior year. In fiscal 2005, International revenues increased by $20.0 million, or 5.4%, from $369.7 million in fiscal 2004, primarily due to the favorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates.
International operating income decreased by $7.6 million to $22.7 million in fiscal 2006 from $30.3 million in fiscal 2005, substantially due to the lower operating results in the United Kingdom. In fiscal 2005, segment operating income increased by $6.8 million, or 28.9%, from $23.5 million in fiscal 2004, primarily due to higher operating profit in Australia. The fiscal 2004 segment operating results included approximately $3 million of Continuity charges.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash
and cash equivalents were $205.3 million at May 31, 2006, compared to $110.6 million at May 31, 2005 and $17.8
million at May 31, 2004.
Cash provided by operating activities decreased by $10.8 million to $235.8 million in fiscal 2006, compared to $246.6 million in fiscal 2005, primarily as a result of changes in working capital accounts. Changes in working capital that had a negative effect on cash flows included: Inventory, which increased by $21.5 million in fiscal 2006, compared to a decrease of $3.2 million in fiscal 2005, primarily due to growth in inventory levels in the Companys continuity and trade businesses in fiscal 2006; and Deferred promotion costs, which increased by $9.8 million in fiscal 2006, compared to a decrease of $2.7 million in fiscal 2005, primarily due to increased internet promotional spending in the Companys continuity business. These factors were offset by favorable changes in Accounts payable and other accrued expenses, which increased by $31.6 million in fiscal 2006, compared to a decrease of $12.8 million in fiscal 2005, primarily due to accrued expenses associated with Harry Potter in fiscal 2006.
Cash used in investing activities totaled $161.2 million and $160.4 million in fiscal 2006 and fiscal 2005, respectively. Prepublication expenditures totaled $49.6 million in fiscal 2006, a decrease of $8.4 million from fiscal 2005, primarily due to the development of the upgraded READ 180 Enterprise Edition in fiscal 2005. Additions to property, plant and equipment totaled $66.1 million in fiscal 2006, an increase of $16.3 million from fiscal 2005, principally due to higher information technology spending.
Cash provided by financing activities was $19.8 million in fiscal 2006, compared to $6.5 million in fiscal 2005, due to higher net borrowings under various international credit lines.
Due to the seasonality of its businesses, as discussed in Item 1, BusinessSeasonality, the Company experiences negative cash flow in the June through
28
October time period. As a result of the Companys business cycle, seasonal borrowings have historically increased during June, July and August, have generally peaked in September or October, and have declined to their lowest point in May.
The Companys operating philosophy is to use cash provided from operating activities to create value by paying down debt, reinvesting in existing businesses and, from time to time, by making acquisitions that will complement its portfolio of businesses. The Company believes that funds generated by its operations and funds available under current credit facilities will be sufficient to finance short- and long-term capital requirements.
The Company believes it has adequate access to capital to finance its ongoing operating needs and to repay its debt obligations as they become due, including its 5.75% Notes due January 15, 2007 (the 5.75% Notes), as discussed under Financing below. The Companys credit rating was downgraded to BB+ by Standard & Poors (S&P) on March 23, 2006 and to Ba1 by Moodys Investors Service (Moodys) on June 20, 2006. S&P further downgraded the Companys credit rating to BB on July 27, 2006. Under prevailing market conditions, the Company believes that these ratings afford it adequate access to the public and private markets for debt.
The following table summarizes, as of May 31, 2006, the Companys contractual cash obligations by future period (see Notes 3 and 4 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data):
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Contractual Obligations |
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Long-term debt(1) | $ | 312.2 | $ | 25.2 | $ | 16.8 | $ | 182.7 | $ | 536.9 | ||||
Lines of credit and short-term debt(1) | 33.8 | | | | 33.8 | |||||||||
Capital leases(1) | 12.8 | 19.4 | 13.4 | 218.3 | 263.9 | |||||||||
Operating leases | 36.4 | 44.6 | 28.2 | 75.0 | 184.2 | |||||||||
Royalty advances | 6.7 | 1.1 | 0.2 | | 8.0 | |||||||||
Pension and Post-Retirement Plans | 14.4 | 28.1 | 28.3 | 73.2 | 144.0 | |||||||||
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Total | $ | 416.3 | $ | 118.4 | $ | 86.9 | $ | 549.2 | $ | 1,070.8 | ||||
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(1) Includes principal and interest.
Financing
On March 31, 2004, Scholastic Corporation and Scholastic
Inc. entered into an unsecured revolving credit agreement with certain banks
(the Credit Agreement), which replaced a similar loan agreement
that was scheduled to expire on August 11, 2004 (the Loan Agreement).
The Credit Agreement, which expires on March 31, 2009, provides for aggregate
borrowings of up to $190.0 million (with a right in certain circumstances
to increase borrowings to $250.0
million), including the issuance of up to $10.0 million in letters of credit.
Interest under this facility is either at the prime rate or at a rate 0.325%
to 0.975% over LIBOR (as defined). There is a facility fee ranging
from 0.10% to 0.30% and a utilization fee ranging from 0.05% to 0.25% if borrowings
exceed 50% of the total facility. The amounts charged vary based upon the Companys
credit rating. The interest rate, facility fee and utilization fee (when applicable)
as of May 31, 2006 were 0.675% over LIBOR, 0.20% and 0.125%, respectively. The
Credit Agreement contains certain financial covenants related to debt and interest
coverage ratios (as defined) and limits dividends and other distributions. There
were no borrowings outstanding under the Credit Agreement at May 31, 2006 or
May 31, 2005. As a result of the recent downgrades of the Companys
credit rating noted in
Liquidity and Capital Resources above, the interest
29
rate, facility fee and utilization fee, when applicable, are currently 0.975% over LIBOR, 0.30% and 0.25%, respectively.
Scholastic Corporation and Scholastic Inc. are joint and several borrowers under an unsecured revolving loan agreement with a bank (the Revolver). As amended effective April 30, 2004, the Revolver provides for unsecured revolving credit of up to $40.0 million and expires on March 31, 2009. Interest under this facility is either at the prime rate minus 1%, or at a rate 0.375% to 1.025% over LIBOR (as defined). There is a facility fee ranging from 0.10% to 0.30% . The amounts charged vary based upon the Companys credit rating. The interest rate and facility fee as of May 31, 2006 were 0.725% over LIBOR and 0.20%, respectively. The Revolver contains certain financial covenants related to debt and interest coverage ratios (as defined) and limits dividends and other distributions. There were no borrowings outstanding under the Revolver at May 31, 2006 or May 31, 2005. As a result of the recent downgrades of the Companys credit rating noted in Liquidity and Capital Resources above, the interest rate and facility fee are currently 1.025% over LIBOR and 0.30%, respectively.
Unsecured lines of credit available in local currencies to certain of Scholastic Corporations international subsidiaries were, in the aggregate, equivalent to $67.9 million at May 31, 2006, as compared to $61.8 million at May 31, 2005. These lines are used primarily to fund local working capital needs. There were borrowings outstanding under these lines of credit equivalent to $33.8 million at May 31, 2006, as compared to $24.7 million at May 31, 2005. These lines of credit are considered short-term in nature. The weighted average interest rates on the outstanding amounts were of 6.0% and 5.4% at May 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
The Companys total debt obligations were $502.4 million at May 31, 2006, including approximately $294 million of 5.75% Notes, and $501.4 million at May 31, 2005. During fiscal 2006, the Company repurchased $6.0 million of its 5.75% Notes on the open market. In fiscal 2007 through August 4, 2006, the Company repurchased approximately $35.4 million of the 5.75% Notes on the open market. After giving effect to these repurchases, the outstanding 5.75% Notes, net of premium/discount, totaled approximately $259.5 million. For a complete description of all the Companys debt obligations, see Note 3 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Acquisitions
N e w A c c o u n t i n g P r o n o u n c e m e n t s
In
December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the FASB)
issued SFAS No. 123R, which requires companies to expense the fair value of all
share-based payments as permitted, but not required, under SFAS No. 123. The Company adoped SFAS No. 123R effective June 1, 2006. Retroactive application
of the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123R was permitted, but not
required. Alternatively, a company could use the
modified prospective transition method for application of SFAS No. 123R. Under
this method, compensation expense is recognized for all share-based payments
granted, modified or settled after the date of adoption based on their grant-date
fair value. For awards granted prior to the adoption date, the compensation expense
of any unvested portion is recognized over the remaining requisite service period.
The Company is using the modified prospective transition method to adopt SFAS
No. 123R. The Company currently estimates that the adoption of SFAS
No. 123R will result in additional fiscal 2007 pre-tax compensation expense of
approximately $3.0 million to
$5.0 million, or approximately $0.05 to $0.08 per diluted share after tax.
In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections a replacement of APB Opinion No. 20 and FASB Statement No. 3 (SFAS No.154). Under the previous
30
guidance, most voluntary changes in accounting principle were required to be recognized as the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle within the net income of the periods in which the change is made. SFAS No. 154 requires retrospective application to prior period financial statements of a voluntary change in accounting principle, unless it is impracticable to do so. SFAS No. 154 is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The Company has elected to adopt SFAS No.154 effective June 1, 2006. The adoption of SFAS No.154 is not expected to have any material immediate effect on the Companys consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
Item 7A | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
The Company conducts its business in various foreign countries, and as such, its cash flows and earnings are subject to fluctuations from changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Management believes that the impact of currency fluctuations does not represent a significant risk to the Company given the size and scope of its current international operations. The Company manages its exposures to this market risk through internally established procedures and, when deemed appropriate, through the use of short-term forward exchange contracts. All foreign exchange hedging transactions are supported by an identifiable commitment or a forecasted transaction. The Company does not enter into derivative transactions or use other financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.
Market risks relating to the Companys operations result primarily from changes in interest rates, which are managed through the mix of variable-rate versus fixed-rate borrowings. Additionally, financial instruments, including swap agreements, have been used to manage interest rate exposures. Approximately 7% of the Companys debt at May 31, 2006 bore interest at a variable rate and was sensitive to changes in interest rates, compared to approximately 5% at May 31, 2005. The Company is subject to the risk that market interest rates and its cost of borrowing will increase and thereby increase the interest charged under its variable-rate debt, as well as the risk that variable-rate borrowings will represent a larger portion of total debt in the future.
Additional information relating to the Companys outstanding financial instruments is included in Item 7, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
($ amounts in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
as of | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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May 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2006 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Debt Obligations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lines of credit | $ | 33.8 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 33.8 | $ | 33.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Average interest rate | 6.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt including | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
current portion: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed-rate debt | $ | 294.1 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 175.0 | $ | 469.1 | $ | 444.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Average interest rate
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5.75 | % | 5.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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(1) At May 31, 2006, no borrowings were outstanding under the Credit Agreement or the Revolver, which have credit lines totaling $230.0 and expire in fiscal 2009. |
31
Item 8 | Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data | ||
Page(s) | ||
Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 | 33 | |
Consolidated Balance Sheets at May 31, 2006 and 2005 | 34-35 | |
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity and Comprehensive | ||
Income for the years ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 | 36-37 | |
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 | 38 | |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 39-59 | |
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | 60-61 | |
Supplementary Financial Information - Summary of Quarterly Results of Operations (unaudited) | 62 | |
The following consolidated financial statement schedule for the years | ||
ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 is filed with this annual report on Form 10-K: | ||
Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves | S-2 |
All other schedules have been omitted since the required information is not present or is not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or the Notes thereto.
32
Consolidated Statements of Income | ||||||||
(Amounts in millions, except per share data)
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Years ended May 31, |
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2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
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Revenues | $ | 2,283.8 | $ | 2,079.9 |
$
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2,233.8 | ||
Operating costs and expenses: | ||||||||
Cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation) | 1,099.9 | 979.0 | 1,086.8 | |||||
Cost of goods sold Reference sets | 3.2 | | | |||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 916.5 | 840.7 | 870.1 | |||||
Bad debt expense | 56.2 | 62.2 | 90.3 | |||||
Bad debt expense Educational Publishing | 2.9 | | | |||||
Other operating costs: | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 65.8 | 63.1 | 62.1 | |||||
Special severance charges | | | 3.3 | |||||
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Total operating costs and expenses | 2,144.5 | 1,945.0 | 2,112.6 | |||||
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Operating income | 139.3 | 134.9 | 121.2 | |||||
Other income | | | 8.0 | |||||
Interest income | 3.5 | 1.0 | 0.4 | |||||
Interest expense | 35.2 | 36.2 | 40.0 | |||||
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Earnings before income taxes | 107.6 | 99.7 | 89.6 | |||||
Provision for income taxes | 39.0 | 35.4 | 31.8 | |||||
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Net income | $ | 68.6 | $ | 64.3 | $
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57.8 | ||
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Earnings per Share of Class A Stock and Common Stock: | ||||||||
Net income: | ||||||||
Basic | $ | 1.65 | $ | 1.61 | $
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1.47 | ||
Diluted | $ | 1.63 | $ | 1.58 | $
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1.44 | ||
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See accompanying notes |
33
Consolidated Balance Sheets | |||||||
ASSETS | 2006 | 2005 | |||||
Current Assets: | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 205.3 | $ | 110.6 | |||
Accounts receivable (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $49.5 at May 31, 2006 | |||||||
and $43.2 at May 31, 2005) | 266.8 | 269.6 | |||||
Inventories | 431.5 | 404.9 | |||||
Deferred promotion costs | 49.8 | 38.6 | |||||
Deferred income taxes | 73.1 | 71.7 | |||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 52.4 | 43.9 | |||||
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Total current assets | 1,078.9 | 939.3 | |||||
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Property, Plant and Equipment: | |||||||
Land | 13.3 | 13.3 | |||||
Buildings | 121.4 | 120.2 | |||||
Furniture, fixtures and equipment | 460.4 | 414.1 | |||||
Leasehold improvements | 173.1 | 161.9 | |||||
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768.2 | 709.5 | ||||||
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Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | (371.2 | ) | (316.8 | ) | |||
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Net property, plant and equipment | 397.0 | 392.7 | |||||
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Other Assets and Deferred Charges: | |||||||
Prepublication costs | 115.9 | 120.2 | |||||
Installment receivables (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $3.3 at May 31, 2006 | |||||||
and $4.1 at May 31, 2005) | 11.2 | 10.6 | |||||
Royalty advances | 46.0 | 54.4 | |||||
Production costs | 5.9 | 9.7 | |||||
Goodwill | 253.1 | 254.2 | |||||
Other intangibles | 78.4 | 78.7 | |||||
Noncurrent deferred income taxes | 4.5 | 11.4 | |||||
Other | 61.3 | 60.2 | |||||
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Total other assets and deferred charges | 576.3 | 599.4 | |||||
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Total assets | $ | 2,052.2 | $ | 1,931.4 | |||
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See accompanying notes |
34
(Amounts in millions, except share data)
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Balances at May 31,
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LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY | 2006 | 2005 | |||||
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Current Liabilities: | |||||||
Current portion of long-term debt, lines of credit and short-term debt | $ | 329.2 | $
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24.9 | |||
Capital lease obligations | 7.5 | 11.0 | |||||
Accounts payable | 141.7 | 141.4 | |||||
Accrued royalties | 36.6 | 40.1 | |||||
Deferred revenue | 19.3 | 22.9 | |||||
Other accrued expenses | 154.7 | 134.5 | |||||
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Total current liabilities | 689.0 | 374.8 | |||||
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Noncurrent Liabilities: | |||||||
Long-term debt | 173.2 | 476.5 | |||||
Capital lease obligations | 61.4 | 63.4 | |||||
Other noncurrent liabilities | 79.3 | 79.6 | |||||
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Total noncurrent liabilities | 313.9 | 619.5 | |||||
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Commitments and Contingencies | | | |||||
Stockholders Equity: | |||||||
Preferred Stock, $1.00 par value Authorized 2,000,000 shares; Issued None | | | |||||
Class A Stock, $.01 par value Authorized 2,500,000 shares; Issued and | |||||||
outstanding 1,656,200 shares | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||||
Common Stock, $.01 par value Authorized 70,000,000 shares; Issued and | |||||||
outstanding 40,282,246
shares (39,076,544 shares at May 31, 2005)
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0.4 | 0.4 | |||||
Additional paid-in capital | 458.7 | 424.0 | |||||
Deferred compensation | (1.6 | ) | (2.1 | ) | |||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss: | |||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | (1.4 | ) | (2.2 | ) | |||
Minimum pension liability adjustment | (18.7 | ) | (26.3 | ) | |||
Retained earnings | 611.9 | 543.3 | |||||
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Total stockholders equity | 1,049.3 | 937.1 | |||||
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Total liabilities and stockholders equity | $ | 2,052.2 | $ | 1,931.4 | |||
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35
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Additional Paid-in Capital |
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Balance at May 31, 2003 | 1,656,200 | $ | 0.0 | 37,608,333 | $ | 0.4 | $ | 379.9 | |||||
Comprehensive income: | |||||||||||||
Net income | |||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net: | |||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | |||||||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment, | |||||||||||||
net of tax of $6.2 | |||||||||||||
Total other comprehensive income | |||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | |||||||||||||
Deferred compensation, net of amortization | 4,102 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | |||||||||||||
pursuant to employee stock-based plans | 318,551 | 0.0 | 7.6 | ||||||||||
Tax benefit realized from employee stock-based plans | 0.6 | ||||||||||||
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Balance at May 31, 2004 | 1,656,200 | 0.0 | 37,930,986 | 0.4 | 388.1 | ||||||||
Comprehensive income: | |||||||||||||
Net income | |||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net: | |||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | |||||||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment, | |||||||||||||
net of tax of $5.3 | |||||||||||||
Total other comprehensive loss | |||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | |||||||||||||
Deferred compensation, net of amortization | 8,993 | 0.0 | 2.2 | ||||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | |||||||||||||
pursuant to employee stock-based plans | 1,136,565 | 0.0 | 29.9 | ||||||||||
Tax benefit realized from employee stock-based plans | 3.8 | ||||||||||||
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Balance at May 31, 2005 | 1,656,200 | 0.0 | 39,076,544 | 0.4 | 424.0 | ||||||||
Comprehensive income: | |||||||||||||
Net income | |||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net: | |||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | |||||||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment, | |||||||||||||
net of tax of $4.4 | |||||||||||||
Total other comprehensive income | |||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | |||||||||||||
Deferred compensation, net of amortization | 26,690 | 0.0 | 0.3 | ||||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | |||||||||||||
pursuant to employee stock-based plans | 1,179,012 | 0.0 | 28.7 | ||||||||||
Tax benefit realized from employee stock-based plans | 5.7 | ||||||||||||
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Balance at May 31, 2006 | 1,656,200 | $ | 0.0 | 40,282,246 | $ | 0.4 | $ | 458.7 | |||||
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See accompanying notes |
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Earnings |
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Balance at May 31, 2003 | $ | (1.1 | ) | $ | (9.8 | ) | $ | (28.0 | ) | $ | 421.2 | $ | 762.6 | |||||
Comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 57.8 | 57.8 | ||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net: | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 5.3 | 5.3 | ||||||||||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment, | ||||||||||||||||||
net of tax of $6.2 | 11.0 | 11.0 | ||||||||||||||||
Total other comprehensive income | 16.3 | |||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | 74.1 | |||||||||||||||||
Deferred compensation, net of amortization | 0.5 | 0.5 | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | ||||||||||||||||||
pursuant to employee stock-based plans | 7.6 | |||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit realized from employee stock-based plans | 0.6 | |||||||||||||||||
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Balance at May 31, 2004 | (0.6 | ) | (4.5 | ) | (17.0 | ) | 479.0 | 845.4 | ||||||||||
Comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 64.3 | 64.3 | ||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss), net: | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 2.3 | 2.3 | ||||||||||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment, | ||||||||||||||||||
net of tax of $5.3 | (9.3 | ) | (9.3 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Total other comprehensive loss | (7.0 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | 57.3 | |||||||||||||||||
Deferred compensation, net of amortization | (1.5 | ) | 0.7 | |||||||||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | ||||||||||||||||||
pursuant to employee stock-based plans | 29.9 | |||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit realized from employee stock-based plans | 3.8 | |||||||||||||||||
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Balance at May 31, 2005 | (2.1 | ) | (2.2 | ) | (26.3 | ) | 543.3 | 937.1 | ||||||||||
Comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 68.6 | 68.6 | ||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net: | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 0.8 | 0.8 | ||||||||||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment, | ||||||||||||||||||
net of tax of $4.4 | 7.6 | 7.6 | ||||||||||||||||
Total other comprehensive income | 8.4 | |||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | 77.0 | |||||||||||||||||
Deferred compensation, net of amortization | 0.5 | 0.8 | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | ||||||||||||||||||
pursuant to employee stock-based plans | 28.7 | |||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit realized from employee stock-based plans | 5.7 | |||||||||||||||||
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Balance at May 31, 2006 | $ | (1.6 | ) | $ | (1.4 | ) | $ | (18.7 | ) | $ | 611.9 | $ | 1,049.3 | |||||
|
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | |||||||||||
(Amounts in millions)
|
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Years ended May 31,
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2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||
Cash flows provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||
Net income | $ | 68.6 | $ | 64.3 | $ | 57.8 | |||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided | |||||||||||
by operating activities: | |||||||||||
Provision for losses on accounts receivable | 59.1 | 62.2 | 90.3 | ||||||||
Amortization of prepublication and production costs | 67.8 | 67.7 | 79.1 | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 65.8 | 63.1 | 62.1 | ||||||||
Royalty advances expensed | 36.6 | 32.8 | 20.8 | ||||||||
Deferred income taxes | 1.8 | 20.4 | 2.6 | ||||||||
Non-cash interest expense | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.2 | ||||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||
Accounts receivable | (53.7 | ) | (61.6 | ) | (99.3 | ) | |||||
Inventories | (21.5 | ) | 3.2 | (14.7 | ) | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (7.2 | ) | (0.3 | ) | 7.0 | ||||||
Deferred promotion costs | (9.8 | ) | 2.7 | 12.6 | |||||||
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses | 31.6 | (12.8 | ) | 8.3 | |||||||
Accrued royalties | (3.7 | ) | 1.6 | 5.9 | |||||||
Deferred revenue | (4.4 | ) | (1.0 | ) | 2.8 | ||||||
Tax benefit realized from employee stock-based plans | 5.7 | 3.8 | 0.6 | ||||||||
Other, net | (2.4 | ) | (0.8 | ) | (15.8 | ) | |||||
|
|||||||||||
Total adjustments | 167.2 | 182.3 | 163.5 | ||||||||
|
|||||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 235.8 | 246.6 | 221.3 | ||||||||
Cash flows used in investing activities: | |||||||||||
Prepublication expenditures | (49.6 | ) | (58.0 | ) | (53.2 | ) | |||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment | (66.1 | ) | (49.8 | ) | (43.4 | ) | |||||
Royalty advances | (28.1 | ) | (30.9 | ) | (26.1 | ) | |||||
Production expenditures | (12.9 | ) | (18.0 | ) | (15.6 | ) | |||||
Acquisition-related payments | (3.3 | ) | (3.7 | ) | (8.8 | ) | |||||
Other | (1.2 | ) | | (0.5 | ) | ||||||
|
|||||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (161.2 | ) | (160.4 | ) | (147.6 | ) | |||||
Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities: | |||||||||||
Borrowings under Loan Agreement, Revolver and Credit Agreement | 170.3 | 342.4 | 599.4 | ||||||||
Repayments of Loan Agreement, Revolver and Credit Agreement | (170.3 | ) | (356.6 | ) | (585.2 | ) | |||||
Repurchase of 5.75% Notes | (6.0 | ) | | | |||||||
Repayment of 7% Notes | | | (125.0 | ) | |||||||
Borrowings under lines of credit | 248.2 | 250.6 | 294.1 | ||||||||
Repayments of lines of credit | (240.8 | ) | (249.3 | ) | (300.7 | ) | |||||
Repayment of capital lease obligations | (10.3 | ) | (10.5 | ) | (9.0 | ) | |||||
Proceeds pursuant to employee stock-based plans | 28.7 | 29.9 | 7.6 | ||||||||
Other | | | 3.9 | ||||||||
|
|||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 19.8 | 6.5 | (114.9 | ) | |||||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.4 | ||||||||
|
|||||||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 94.7 | 92.8 | (40.8 | ) | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 110.6 | 17.8 | 58.6 | ||||||||
|
|||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | $ | 205.3 | $ | 110.6 | $ | 17.8 | |||||
|
|||||||||||
Supplemental information: | |||||||||||
Income taxes paid | $ | 35.9 | $ | 10.1 | $ | 24.5 | |||||
Interest paid | 27.2 | 30.0 | 39.0 | ||||||||
Non-cash investing and financing activities: Capital leases | 3.4 | 9.5 | 15.1 | ||||||||
|
|||||||||||
See accompanying notes |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts in millions, except share and per share data)
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of consolidation
The
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Scholastic Corporation
(the Corporation) and all wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries
(collectively Scholastic or the
Company). All significant intercompany transactions are eliminated
in consolidation.
Use of estimates
The
Companys consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation
of these financial statements involves the use of estimates and assumptions
by management, which affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial
statements and accompanying notes. The Company bases its estimates on historical
experience, current business factors, and various other assumptions believed
to be reasonable under the circumstances, all of which are necessary in order
to form a basis for determining the carrying values of assets and liabilities.
Actual results may differ from those estimates and assumptions. On an on-going
basis, the Company evaluates the adequacy of its reserves and the estimates used
in calculations, including, but not limited to: collectability of accounts receivable
and installment receivables; sales returns; amortization periods; pension and
other post-retirement obligations; and recoverability of inventories, deferred
promotion costs, deferred income taxes and tax reserves, prepublication costs,
royalty advances, goodwill and other intangibles.
Revenue recognition
The
Companys revenue recognition policies for its principal businesses are
as follows:
School-Based Book Clubs Revenue from school-based book clubs is recognized upon shipment of the products.
School-Based Book Fairs Revenue from school-based book fairs, which are generally a week in duration, is recognized ratably as each book fair occurs.
Continuity Programs The Company operates continuity programs whereby customers generally place an order to receive multiple shipments of childrens books and other products over a period of time. Revenue from continuity programs is recognized at the time of shipment or, in applicable cases, upon customer acceptance. Reserves for estimated returns are established at the time of sale and recorded as a reduction to revenue. Actual returns are charged to the reserve as received. The calculation of the reserve for estimated returns is based on historical return rates and sales patterns.
Trade Revenue from the sale of childrens books for distribution in the retail channel is primarily recognized when title transfers to the customer, which generally is at the time of shipment, or when the product is on sale and available to the public. A reserve for estimated returns is established at the time of sale and recorded as a reduction to revenue. Actual returns are charged to the reserve as received. The calculation of the reserve for estimated returns is based on historical return rates and sales patterns.
Educational Publishing For shipments to schools, revenue is recognized on passage of title, which generally occurs upon receipt by the customer. Shipments to depositories are on consignment. Revenue is recognized based on actual shipments from the depositories to the schools. For certain software-based products, the Company offers new customers installation and training. In such cases, revenue is recognized when installation and training are complete.
Toy Catalog Revenue from the sale of childrens toys to the home through catalogs is recognized when title transfers to the customer, which generally is at the time of shipment. A reserve for estimated returns is established at the time of sale and recorded as a
39
reduction to revenue. Actual returns are charged to the reserve as received. The calculation of the reserve for estimated returns is based on historical return rates and sales patterns.
Film Production and Licensing Revenue from the sale of film rights, principally for the home video and domestic and foreign television markets, is recognized when the film has been delivered and is available for showing or exploitation. Licensing revenue is recorded in accordance with royalty agreements at the time the licensed materials are available to the licensee and collections are reasonably assured.
Magazines Revenue is deferred and recognized ratably over the subscription period, as the magazines are delivered.
Magazine Advertising Revenue is recognized when the magazine is on sale and available to the subscribers.
Scholastic In-School Marketing Revenue is recognized when the Company has satisfied its obligations under the program and the customer has acknowledged acceptance of the product or service.
Cash equivalents
Cash
equivalents consist of short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less.
Accounts receivable
Accounts
receivable are recorded net of allowances for doubtful accounts and reserves
for returns. In the normal course of business, the Company extends credit to
customers that satisfy predefined credit criteria. The Company is required to
estimate the collectability of its receivables. Reserves for returns are based
on historical return rates and sales patterns. Allowances for doubtful accounts
are established through the evaluation of accounts receivable agings and prior
collection experience to estimate the ultimate collectability of these receivables.
Inventories
Inventories,
consisting principally of books, are stated at the lower of cost, using the
first-in, first-out method, or market. The Company records a reserve for excess
and obsolete inventory based upon a calculation using the historical usage rates
and sales patterns of its products.
Deferred promotion costs
Deferred
promotion costs represent direct mail, internet and telemarketing promotion costs
incurred to acquire customers in the Companys continuity and magazine businesses.
Promotional costs are deferred when incurred and amortized in the proportion
that current revenues bear to estimated total revenues. The Company regularly
evaluates the operating performance of the promotions over their life cycle based
on historical and forecasted demand and adjusts the carrying value accordingly.
Except as discussed above, all other advertising costs are expensed as incurred.
Property, plant and equipment
Property,
plant and equipment are carried at cost. Depreciation and amortization are recorded
on a straight-line basis. Buildings have an estimated useful life, for purposes
of depreciation, of forty years. Furniture, fixtures and equipment are depreciated
over periods not exceeding ten years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over
the life of the lease or the life of the assets, whichever is shorter. Interest
is capitalized on major construction projects based on the outstanding construction-in-progress
balance for the period and the average borrowing rate during the period.
Leases
Lease
agreements are evaluated to determine whether they are capital or operating leases
in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS)
No. 13, Accounting For Leases, as
amended (SFAS No. 13). When substantially all of the risks and benefits
of property ownership have been transferred to the Company, as determined by
the test criteria in SFAS No. 13, the lease then qualifies as a capital lease.
Capital leases are capitalized at the lower of the net present value of the total amount of rent payable under the leasing agreement (excluding finance charges) or
the fair market value of the leased asset. Capital lease assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis, over a period consistent with the Companys normal depreciation policy for tangible fixed assets, but generally not exceeding the lease term. Interest charges are expensed over the period of the lease in relation to the carrying value of the capital lease obligation.
Rent expense for operating leases, which may include free rent or fixed escalation amounts in addition to minimum lease payments, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the duration of each lease term.
Prepublication costs
The
Company capitalizes the art, prepress, editorial and other costs incurred in
the creation of the master copy of a book or other media (the prepublication
costs). Prepublication costs are amortized on a
straight-line basis over a three to seven year period based on expected future
revenues. The Company regularly reviews the recoverability of the capitalized
costs.
Royalty advances
The
Company records a reserve for the recoverability of its outstanding advances
to authors based primarily upon historical earndown experience. Royalty advances
are expensed as related revenues are earned or when future recovery appears
doubtful.
Goodwill and other intangibles
Goodwill
and other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized and are reviewed
for impairment annually, or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. With
regard to goodwill, these reviews require the Company to estimate the fair value
of its identified reporting units. For each of the reporting units, the estimated
fair value is determined utilizing the expected present value of the projected
future cash flows of the units, which is compared to the carrying value of the
net assets of the reporting units. With regard to other intangibles with indefinite
lives, the Company determines the fair value by asset, which is then compared
to its carrying value.
Income taxes
The
Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under
this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on differences
between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured
using enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences
are expected to enter into the determination of taxable income.
The Company believes that its taxable earnings, during the periods when the temporary differences giving rise to deferred tax assets become deductible or when tax benefit carryforwards may be utilized, should be sufficient to realize the related future income tax benefits. For those jurisdictions where the expiration date of the tax benefit carryforwards or the projected taxable earnings indicate that realization is not likely, the Company establishes a valuation allowance.
In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company estimates future taxable earnings, with consideration for the feasibility of ongoing tax planning strategies and the realizability of tax benefit carryforwards, to determine which deferred tax assets are more likely than not to be realized in the future. Valuation allowances related to deferred tax assets can be impacted by changes to tax laws, changes to statutory tax rates and future taxable earnings. In the event that actual results differ from these estimates in future periods, the Company may need to adjust the valuation allowance, which could materially affect the Companys Consolidated Financial Statements.
It is the Companys policy to establish reserves for probable exposures as a result of an examination by tax authorities. The Company establishes the reserves based upon managements assessment of exposure associated with permanent tax differences, tax credits and interest expense applied to temporary difference adjustments. The tax reserves are analyzed periodically and adjustments are made as events occur to warrant adjustment to the reserve.
In calculating the provision for income taxes on an interim basis, the Company uses an estimate of the annual effective tax rate based upon the facts and circumstances known. The Companys effective tax rate is based on expected income and statutory tax
rates and permanent differences between financial statement and tax return income applicable to the Company in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates.
Other noncurrent liabilities
All
of the rate assumptions discussed below impact the Companys calculations
of its pension and post-retirement obligations. The rates applied by the Company
are based on the portfolios past average rates of
return and discussions with its actuaries. Any change in market performance,
interest rate performance, assumed health care costs trend rate, or compensation
rates could result in significant changes in the Companys pension and post-retirement
obligations.
Pension obligations Scholastic Corporation and certain of its subsidiaries have defined benefit pension plans covering the majority of their employees who meet certain eligibility requirements. The Company follows SFAS No. 87, Employers Accounting for Pensions, in calculating the existing benefit obligations and net cost under the plans. These calculations are based on three primary actuarial assumptions: the discount rate, the long-term expected rate of return on plan assets, and the anticipated rate of compensation increases. The discount rate is used in the measurement of the projected, accumulated and vested benefit obligations and the service and interest cost components of net periodic pension costs. The long-term expected return on plan assets is used to calculate the expected earnings from the investment or reinvestment of plan assets. The anticipated rate of compensation increase is used to estimate the increase in compensation for participants of the plan from their current age to their assumed retirement age. The estimated compensation amounts are used to determine the benefit obligations and the service cost. Pension benefits in the cash balance plan for employees located in the United States are based on formulas in which the employees balances are credited monthly with interest based on the average rates for one-year United States Treasury Bills plus 1%. Contribution credits are based on employees years of service and compensation levels during their employment period.
Other post-retirement benefits Scholastic Corporation provides post-retirement benefits, consisting of healthcare and life insurance benefits, to retired United States-based employees. A majority of these employees may become eligible for these benefits if they reach normal retirement age while working for the Company. The post-retirement medical plan benefits are funded on a pay-as-you-go basis, with the Company paying a portion of the premium and the employee paying the remainder. The Company follows SFAS No. 106, Employers Accounting for Post-Retirement Benefits Other than Pensions, in calculating the existing benefit obligation, which is based on the discount rate and the assumed health care cost trend rate. The discount rate is used in the measurement of the projected and accumulated benefit obligations and the service and interest cost components of net periodic post-retirement benefit cost. The assumed health care cost trend rate is used in the measurement of the long term expected increase in medical claims.
Foreign currency translation
The
Companys non-United States dollar denominated assets and liabilities are
translated into United States dollars at prevailing rates at the balance sheet
date and the revenues, costs and expenses are translated at the average rates
prevailing during each reporting period. Net gains or losses resulting from the
translation of the foreign financial statements and the effect of exchange rate
changes on long-term intercompany balances are accumulated and charged directly
to the foreign currency translation adjustment component of stockholders equity.
Concentrations
The
Company is the United States publisher of books from the Harry
Potter® series.
In fiscal 2006, the Company published Harry
Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, the sixth
book in the planned seven book series. Revenues from the Harry
Potter
series totaled approximately $195, $20
and $175 for the years ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Shipping and Handling Costs
Amounts
billed to customers for shipping and handling are classified as revenue. Costs
incurred in shipping and handling are recognized in cost of goods sold.
Reclassifications
Certain
prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
Earnings per share
Basic
earnings per share is based on the weighted average shares of Class A Stock and
Common Stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is based on the weighted
average shares of Class A Stock and Common Stock outstanding adjusted for the
impact of potentially dilutive securities outstanding. The dilutive impact of
options outstanding is calculated using the treasury stock method, which treats
the options as if they were exercised at the beginning of the period, adjusted
for Common Stock assumed to be repurchased with the proceeds and tax benefit
realized upon exercise. Any potentially dilutive security is excluded from the
computation of diluted earnings per share for any period in which it has an
anti-dilutive effect. Options that were not included in the computation of diluted
earnings per share because to do so would have been anti-dilutive totaled: 1,934,107
at May 31, 2006, 1,485,110 at May 31, 2005 and 3,123,912 at May 31, 2004.
Stock-based compensation
The Company applies the intrinsic value-based method of accounting prescribed by Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (APB No. 25), and related interpretations in accounting for its stock-based benefit plans. Under this method, no compensation expense was recognized with respect to options granted under the Companys stock-based benefit plans, as the exercise price of each stock option issued was equal to the market price of the underlying stock on the date of grant and the exercise price and number of shares subject to grant were fixed. Unearned compensation recognized for restricted stock unit awards is shown as a separate component of stockholders equity and is amortized to expense overthe vesting period of the stock award using the straight-line method. SFAS No.123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, as amended by SFAS No.148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation - Transition and Disclosure (as amended, SFAS No. 123), established accounting and disclosure requirements using a fair value-based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation plans. As allowed by SFAS No.123, the Company has elected to continue to apply the intrinsic value-based method of accounting described above and has adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS No.123. The Company will adopt the expense recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123 (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (SFAS 123R), beginning with the first quarter of the fiscal year ending May 31, 2007.
In May 2006, the Human Resources and Compensation Committee (the Committee) of the Board of Directors (the Board) of the Corporation, which consists entirely of independent directors, approved the acceleration of the vesting of all of the Companys unvested options to purchase Class A Stock and Common Stock outstanding as of May 30, 2006 granted to employees (including executive officers) and outside directors of the Corporation, as described below (the Acceleration). Except for the Acceleration, all other terms and conditions applicable to such stock options were unchanged. Substantially all of these options had exercise prices in excess of the market value of the underlying Common Stock on May 30, 2006. The primary purpose of the Acceleration was to mitigate the future compensation expense that the Company would have otherwise recognized in its financial statements with respect to these options as a result of the June 1, 2006 adoption of SFAS No. 123R.
The Acceleration will reduce the amounts recognized by the Company as share-based compensation expense, under SFAS 123R, net of income taxes, by approximately $7 in fiscal 2007, $4 in fiscal 2008, $2 in fiscal 2009 and $1 in fiscal 2010. The accelerated options included 1,184,551 options held by certain executive officers, 582,750 of which related to the Class A Shares, 48,000 options held by eight non-employee directors, and 778,532 options held by other
employees. Based on the closing price of the Common Stock of $26.34 on May 30, 2006, the Company recorded an expense to earnings in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006 of approximately $0.1 in connection with 194,875 of those options with exercise prices below that closing price.
The following table illustrates the effect on net income and earnings per share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No.123 to stock-based employee compensation for each of the fiscal years ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004:
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
||||||
Net income as reported | $ | 68.6 | $ | 64.3 | $ | 57.8 | ||
Add: Stock-based employee | ||||||||
compensation included in | ||||||||
reported net income, net of tax | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.4 | |||||
Deduct: Total stock-based employee | ||||||||
compensation expense determined | ||||||||
under fair value based method, | ||||||||
net of tax | 23.8 | 13.0 | 13.6 | |||||
|
||||||||
Net income pro forma | $ | 45.4 | $ | 52.1 | $ | 44.6 | ||
|
||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Earnings per share as reported | ||||||||
Basic | $ | 1.65 | $ | 1.61 | $ | 1.47 | ||
Diluted | 1.63 | 1.58 | 1.44 | |||||
Earnings per share pro forma | ||||||||
Basic | $ | 1.09 | $ | 1.30 | $ | 1.13 | ||
Diluted | 1.08 | 1.28 | 1.12 | |||||
|
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the weighted average assumptions for the three fiscal years ended May 31 as follows:
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Expected dividend yield | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | |||
Expected stock price volatility | 37.46 | % | 55.2 | % | 60.5 | % | |||
Risk-free interest rate | 4.22 | % | 3.46 | % | 2.92 | % | |||
Expected life of options | 5 years | 5 years | 5 years | ||||||
|
The weighted average fair value of options granted during fiscal 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $13.68, $16.33 and $15.02 per share, respectively. For purposes of pro forma disclosure, the estimated fair value of the options is amortized over the options vesting periods, including the effect of the Acceleration.
New accounting pronouncements
In
December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the FASB) issued
SFAS No. 123R, which requires companies to expense the fair value of all share-based
payments as permitted, but not required, under SFAS No. 123.
The Company adopted SFAS No. 123R effective June 1, 2006. Retroactive application
of the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123R was permitted, but not
required. Alternatively, a company could use the modified prospective transition method for application of SFAS No. 123R. Under this method, compensation expense is recognized for all share-based payments granted, modified or settled
after the date of adoption based on their grant-date fair value. For awards granted prior to the adoption date, the compensation expense of any unvested portion is recognized over the remaining requisite service period. The Company is using the
modified prospective transition method to adopt SFAS No. 123R. The Company currently estimates that the adoption of SFAS No. 123R will result in additional fiscal 2007 pre-tax compensation expense of approximately $3.0 to $5.0, or
approximately $0.05 to $0.08 per diluted share after tax.
In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections - a replacement of APB Opinion No. 20 and FASB Statement No. 3 (SFAS No.154). Under the previous guidance, most voluntary changes in accounting principle were required to be recognized as the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle within the net income of the period in which the change was made. SFAS No. 154 requires retrospective application to prior period financial statements of a voluntary change in accounting principle, unless it is impracticable to do so. SFAS No. 154 is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The Company has elected to adopt SFAS No.154 effective June 1, 2006. The adoption of SFAS No. 154 is not expected to have any material immediate effect on the Companys consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
The Company categorizes its businesses into four operating segments: Childrens Book Publishing and Distribution; Educational Publishing; Media, Licensing and Advertising (which collectively represent the Companys domestic operations); and International. This classification reflects the nature of products and services consistent with the method by which the Companys chief operating decision-maker assesses operating performance and allocates resources. Revenues and operating margin related to a segments products sold or services rendered through another segments distribution channel are reallocated to the segment originating the products or services.
| Childrens Book Publishing and Distribution includes the publication and distribution of childrens books in the United States through school-based book clubs and book fairs, school-based and direct-to-home continuity programs and the trade channel. |
| Educational Publishing includes the production and/or publication and distribution to schools and libraries of educational technology products, curriculum materials, childrens books, classroom magazines and print and on-line reference and non-fiction products for grades pre-kindergarten to 12 in the United States. |
| Media, Licensing and Advertising includes the production and/or distribution of media and electronic products and programs (including childrens television programming, videos, DVDs, software, feature films, interactive programs, promotional activities and non-book merchandise); and advertising revenue, including sponsorship programs. |
| International includes the publication and distribution of products and services outside the United States by the Companys international operations, and its export and foreign rights businesses. |
45
The following table sets forth information for the three fiscal years ended May 31 for the Companys segments. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with the present year presentation.
Childrens | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Book | Media, | |||||||||||||||||||||
Publishing | Licensing | |||||||||||||||||||||
and | Educational | and | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Distribution | Publishing | Advertising | Overhead(1) | Domestic | International | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
2006 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 1,304.0 | $ | 416.1 | $ | 151.6 | $ | 0.0 | $ | 1,871.7 | $ | 412.1 | $ | 2,283.8 | ||||||||
Bad debt | 44.8 | 4.7 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 50.2 | 8.9 | 59.1 | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 16.5 | 3.8 | 1.4 | 38.2 | 59.9 | 5.9 | 65.8 | |||||||||||||||
Amortization(2) | 16.4 | 28.0 | 19.4 | 0.0 | 63.8 | 4.0 | 67.8 | |||||||||||||||
Royalty advances expensed | 29.7 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 33.9 | 2.7 | 36.6 | |||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss)(3) | 114.2 | 69.6 | 10.3 | (77.5 | ) | 116.6 | 22.7 | 139.3 | ||||||||||||||
Segment assets | 808.8 | 349.4 | 70.0 | 508.5 | 1,736.7 | 315.5 | 2,052.2 | |||||||||||||||
Goodwill | 130.6 | 82.5 | 9.8 | 0.0 | 222.9 | 30.2 | 253.1 | |||||||||||||||
Expenditures for long-lived assets(4) | 65.0 |
28.8 | 20.3 | 33.2 | 147.3 | 13.9 | 161.2 | |||||||||||||||
Long-lived assets(5) | 293.5 | 206.9 | 33.6 | 291.9 | 825.9 | 109.9 | 935.8 | |||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
2005 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 1,152.5 | $ | 404.6 | $ | 133.1 | $ | 0.0 | $ | 1,690.2 | $ | 389.7 | $ | 2,079.9 | ||||||||
Bad debt | 51.1 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 52.7 | 9.5 | 62.2 | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 13.5 | 3.4 | 1.7 | 38.5 | 57.1 | 6.0 | 63.1 | |||||||||||||||
Amortization(2) | 16.1 | 32.3 | 17.3 | 0.0 | 65.7 | 2.0 | 67.7 | |||||||||||||||
Royalty advances expensed | 27.3 | 2.4 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 30.8 | 2.0 | 32.8 | |||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss)(3) | 93.5 | 78.5 | 11.0 | (78.4 | ) | 104.6 | 30.3 | 134.9 | ||||||||||||||
Segment assets | 733.3 | 347.3 | 63.1 | 484.7 | 1,628.4 | 303.0 | 1,931.4 | |||||||||||||||
Goodwill | 130.6 | 82.5 | 9.8 | 0.0 | 222.9 | 31.3 | 254.2 | |||||||||||||||
Expenditures for long-lived assets(4) | 64.6 |
38.7 | 22.1 | 22.8 | 148.2 | 12.2 | 160.4 | |||||||||||||||
Long-lived assets(5) | 289.5 | 215.8 | 37.1 | 298.0 | 840.4 | 107.0 | 947.4 | |||||||||||||||
2004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 1,358.6 | $ | 369.1 | $ | 136.4 | $ | 0.0 | $ | 1,864.1 | $ | 369.7 | $ | 2,233.8 | ||||||||
Bad debt | 78.6 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 80.8 | 9.5 | 90.3 | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 12.6 | 3.2 | 1.8 | 38.0 | 55.6 | 6.5 | 62.1 | |||||||||||||||
Amortization(2) | 15.7 | 36.3 | 24.6 | 0.0 | 76.6 | 2.5 | 79.1 | |||||||||||||||
Royalty advances expensed | 16.3 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 18.6 | 2.2 | 20.8 | |||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss)(3) | 104.6 | 56.1 | 10.9 | (73.9 | ) | 97.7 | 23.5 | 121.2 | ||||||||||||||
Segment assets | 713.3 | 338.5 | 59.6 | 418.2 | 1,529.6 | 302.2 | 1,831.8 | |||||||||||||||
Goodwill | 127.9 | 82.5 | 10.7 | 0.0 | 221.1 | 28.6 | 249.7 | |||||||||||||||
Expenditures for long-lived assets(4) | 53.3 |
35.5 | 27.6 | 21.5 | 137.9 | 9.2 | 147.1 | |||||||||||||||
Long-lived assets(5) | 281.1 | 216.2 | 34.4 | 305.3 | 837.0 | 103.4 | 940.4 | |||||||||||||||
|
(1) | Overhead includes all domestic corporate amounts not allocated to reportable segments, including expenses and costs related to the management of corporate assets. Unallocated assets are principally comprised of deferred income taxes and property, plant and equipment related to the Companys headquarters in the metropolitan New York area, fulfillment and distribution facilities located in Missouri and Arkansas, and an industrial/office building complex in Connecticut. |
(2) | Includes amortization of prepublication and production costs. |
(3) | Operating income (loss) represents earnings before other income, interest and income taxes. In fiscal 2006, Educational Publishing includes pre-tax costs of $3.2 related to the write-down of certain print reference set assets and bad debt expense of $2.9 associated with the bankruptcy of a customer. In fiscal 2004, Childrens Book Publishing and Distribution and International includes charges of $22.7 and $2.7, respectively, in connection with a review of the continuity business. In fiscal 2005, Childrens Book Publishing and Distribution includes additional pre-tax charges of $3.8, primarily related to severance costs due to the review of the continuity business. |
(4) | Includes expenditures for property, plant and equipment, investments in prepublication and production costs, royalty advances and acquisitions of, and investments in, businesses. |
(5) | Includes property, plant and equipment, prepublication costs, goodwill, other intangibles, royalty advances, production costs and long-term investments. |
The following table separately sets forth information for the three fiscal years ended May 31 for the United States direct-to-home portion of the Companys continuity programs, which consist primarily of the business formerly operated by Grolier Incorporated (Grolier) and are included in the Childrens Book Publishing and Distribution segment, and for all other businesses included in the segment:
Direct-to-home |
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 134.9 | $ | 147.5 | $ | 203.8 | $ | 1,169.1 | $ | 1,005.0 | $ | 1,154.8 | $ | 1,304.0 | $ | 1,152.5 | $ | 1,358.6 | |||||||||||
Bad debt | 29.6 | 31.9 | 49.9 | 15.2 | 19.2 | 28.7 | 44.8 | 51.1 | 78.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 15.7 | 12.9 | 12.1 | 16.5 | 13.5 | 12.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization(1) | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 15.0 | 14.7 | 14.4 | 16.4 | 16.1 | 15.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Royalty advances | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
expensed | 3.2 | 3.8 | 0.8 | 26.5 | 23.5 | 15.5 | 29.7 | 27.3 | 16.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Business income (loss)(2) | (13.6 | ) | (2.8 | ) | (10.4 | ) | 127.8 | 96.3 | 115.0 | 114.2 | 93.5 | 104.6 | |||||||||||||||||
Business assets | 217.8 | 196.2 | 218.9 | 591.0 | 537.1 | 494.4 | 808.8 | 733.3 | 713.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Goodwill | 92.4 | 92.4 | 92.4 | 38.2 | 38.2 | 35.5 | 130.6 | 130.6 | 127.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Expenditures for long-lived | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
assets(3) | 5.9 | 7.1 | 4.6 | 59.1 | 57.5 | 48.7 | 65.0 | 64.6 | 53.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Long-lived assets(4) | 116.5 | 115.2 | 115.2 | 177.0 | 174.3 | 165.9 | 293.5 | 289.5 | 281.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
(1) | Includes amortization of prepublication costs. |
(2) | Business income (loss) represents earnings (loss) before other income, interest and income taxes. In fiscal 2004, Direct-to-home and All Other include charges of $14.9 and $7.8, respectively, in connection with a review of the continuity business. In fiscal 2005, Direct-to-home and All Other include additional charges of $3.6 and $0.2, respectively, related to the review of the continuity business. |
(3) | Includes expenditures for property, plant and equipment, investments in prepublication costs, royalty advances and acquisitions of businesses. |
(4) | Includes property, plant and equipment, prepublication costs, goodwill, other intangibles and royalty advances. |
3. DEBT | |||||||||||||||||||
The following summarizes debt as of May 31: | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Carrying | Fair | Carrying | Fair | ||||||||||||||||
Value | Value | Value | Value | ||||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||||||||||
Lines of Credit | $ | 33.8 | $ | 33.8 | $ | 24.7 | $ | 24.7 | |||||||||||
5.75% Notes due 2007, net of premium/discount | 295.3 | 293.2 | 303.5 | 306.6 | |||||||||||||||
5% Notes due 2013, net of discount | 173.2 | 150.8 | 173.0 | 173.5 | |||||||||||||||
Other debt | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Total debt | 502.4 | 477.9 | 501.4 | 505.0 | |||||||||||||||
Less current portion of long-term debt, | |||||||||||||||||||
lines of credit and short-term debt | (329.2 | ) | (327.1 | ) | (24.9 | ) | (24.9 | ) | |||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Total long-term debt | $ | 173.2 | $ | 150.8 | $ | 476.5 | $ | 480.1 | |||||||||||
|
Short-term debt is carried at cost, which approximates fair value. Fair values were estimated based on market quotes, where available, or dealer quotes.
The following table sets forth the maturities of the carrying values of the Companys debt obligations as of May 31, 2006 for fiscal years ended May 31:
2007 | $ | 329.2 | |
2008 | | ||
2009 | | ||
2010 | | ||
2011 | | ||
Thereafter | 173.2 | ||
|
|||
Total debt | $ | 502.4 | |
|
Lines of Credit
Certain
of Scholastic Corporations international subsidiaries had unsecured lines
of credit available in local currencies equivalent to $67.9 and $61.8
in the aggregate at May 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. There were borrowings
under these lines of credit equivalent to $33.8 and $24.7 outstanding
at May 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. These lines of credit are considered
short-term in nature. The weighted average interest rates on the outstanding
amounts were 6.0% and 5.4% at May 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Credit Agreement
On March 31, 2004, Scholastic
Corporation and its principal operating subsidiary, Scholastic Inc., entered
into an unsecured revolving credit agreement with certain banks (the Credit
Agreement), which
replaced a similar loan agreement that was scheduled to expire on August
11, 2004 (the Loan Agreement). The Credit Agreement, which expires
on March 31, 2009, provides for aggregate borrowings of up to $190.0 (with
a right in certain circumstances to increase borrowings to $250.0), including
the issuance of up to $10.0
in letters of credit. Interest under this facility is either at the prime rate
or at a rate 0.325% to 0.975% over LIBOR (as defined). There is a facility fee
ranging from 0.10% to 0.30% and a utilization fee ranging from 0.05% to 0.25%
if borrowings exceed 50% of the total facility. The amounts charged vary based
upon the Companys credit rating. The interest rate, facility fee and utilization
fee (when applicable) as of May 31, 2006 were 0.675% over LIBOR, 0.20% and 0.125%,
respectively. The Credit Agreement contains certain financial covenants related
to debt and interest coverage ratios (as defined) and limits dividends and other
distributions. There were no borrowings under the Credit Agreement as of May
31, 2006 or May 31, 2005. The Companys credit rating was downgraded to
BB+ by Standard and Poors (S&P) on March 23, 2006 and
to Ba1 by Moodys
Investor Service (Moodys)
on June 20, 2006. S&P further downgraded the Companys credit rating
to BB on July 27, 2006. As a result of these downgrades, the
interest rate, facility fee and utilization fee, when applicable, are currently
0.975% over LIBOR, 0.30% and 0.25%, respectively.
Revolver
Scholastic
Corporation and Scholastic Inc. are joint and several borrowers under an unsecured
revolving loan agreement with a bank (the Revolver). As amended effective
April 30, 2004, the Revolver provides for unsecured revolving credit of up to
$40.0 and expires on March 31, 2009. Interest under this facility is either
at the prime rate minus 1%, or at a rate 0.375% to 1.025% over LIBOR (as defined).
There is a facility fee ranging from 0.10% to 0.30% . The amounts charged vary
based upon the Companys credit rating. The interest rate and facility
fee as of May 31, 2006 were 0.725% over LIBOR and 0.20%, respectively. The Revolver
contains certain financial covenants related to debt and interest coverage ratios
(as defined) and limits dividends and other distributions. There were no borrowings
outstanding under the Revolver at May 31, 2006 or 2005. As a result of the downgrades
of the Companys credit rating noted under Credit Agreement above,
the interest rate and facility fee are currently 1.025%
over LIBOR and 0.30%, respectively.
5.75% Notes due 2007
In
January 2002, Scholastic Corporation issued $300.0 of 5.75% Notes (the 5.75%
Notes). The 5.75% Notes are senior unsecured obligations that mature on
January 15, 2007. Interest on the 5.75% Notes is payable semi-annually on July
15 and January 15 of each year through maturity. The Company may, at any time,
redeem all or a portion of the 5.75% Notes at a redemption price (plus accrued
interest to the date of redemption) equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the
principal amount, or (ii) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled
payments of principal and interest discounted to the date of redemption. During fiscal 2006, the Company repurchased $6.0 of the 5.75% Notes on the open market.
In fiscal 2007 through August 4, 2006, the Company repurchased approximately $35.4 of the 5.75% Notes on the open market. After giving effect to these repurchases, the outstanding 5.75% Notes, net of premium/discount, totaled approximately $259.5.
5% Notes due 2013
In
April 2003, Scholastic Corporation issued $175.0 of 5% Notes (the 5%
Notes). The 5% Notes are senior unsecured obligations that mature on April
15, 2013. Interest on the 5% Notes is payable semi-annually on April 15 and
October 15 of each year through maturity. The Company may at any time redeem
all or a portion of the 5% Notes at a redemption price (plus accrued interest
to the date of the redemption) equal to the greater of (i) 100% of the principal
amount, or (ii) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments
of principal and interest discounted to the date of redemption.
4. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Lease Obligations
The
Company leases warehouse space, office space and equipment under various capital
and operating leases over periods ranging from one to forty years. Certain of
these leases provide for scheduled rent increases based on price-level factors.
The Company generally does not enter into leases that call for contingent rent.
In most cases, management expects that, in the normal course of business, leases
will be renewed or replaced.
Net rent expense relating to the Companys non-cancelable operating leases for the three fiscal years ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 was $39.5, $36.6 and $36.4, respectively.
The Company was obligated under capital leases covering land, buildings and equipment in the amount of $68.9 and $74.4 at May 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Amortization of assets under capital leases is included in depreciation and amortization expense.
The composition of capital leases reflected as Property, Plant and Equipment in the consolidated balance sheets is:
|
|||||||
2006 | 2005 | ||||||
|
|||||||
Land | $ | 3.5 | $ | 3.5 | |||
Buildings | 39.0 | 39.0 | |||||
Equipment | 49.0 | 45.6 | |||||
|
|||||||
91.5 | 88.1 | ||||||
Accumulated amortization | (39.2 | ) | (28.1 | ) | |||
|
|||||||
Total | $ | 52.3 | $ | 60.0 | |||
|
|
|||||||
Operating Leases | Capital Leases | ||||||
|
|||||||
2007 |
$
|
36.4 |
$
|
12.8 | |||
2008 | 25.9 | 10.5 | |||||
2009 | 18.7 | 8.9 | |||||
2010 | 15.7 | 7.6 | |||||
2011 | 12.5 | 5.8 | |||||
Thereafter | 75.0 | 218.3 | |||||
|
|||||||
Total minimum lease payments |
$
|
184.2 | 263.9 | ||||
|
|||||||
Less amount representing interest | 195.0 | ||||||
|
|||||||
Present value of net minimum capital lease payments | 68.9 | ||||||
Less current maturities of capital lease obligations | 7.5 | ||||||
|
|||||||
Long-term capital lease obligations |
$
|
61.4 | |||||
|
Other Commitments
The
Company had contractual commitments relating to royalty advances at May 31, 2006
totaling $8.0. The aggregate annual commitments for royalty advances are
as follows: fiscal 2007 $6.7; fiscal 2008
$0.5; fiscal 2009 $0.6; fiscal 2010 $0.2.
Contingencies
Various
claims and lawsuits arising in the normal course of business are pending against
the Company. The results of these proceedings are not expected to have a material
adverse effect on the Companys consolidated
financial position or results of operations.
schools under the School Link name. The Company also acquired a 15% equity interest in The Book People Ltd.s parent company, The Book People Group Ltd. As part of the transaction, the Company established a £3.0 revolving credit facility in favor of The Book People Group, Ltd., which is available to fund the expansion of The Book People Group, Ltd. and for working capital purposes. As of May 31, 2006, £3.0 (equivalent to $5.3 at that date) was outstanding under the revolving credit facility. The equity investment in The Book People Group, Ltd. is included in the Other Assets and Deferred Charges section of the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
6. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLES
Goodwill
and other intangible assets with indefinite lives are reviewed for impairment
annually, or more frequently if impairment indicators arise.
The following table summarizes the activity in Goodwill for the years ended May 31:
|
2006 | 2005 | |||||
|
||||||
Beginning balance | $ | 254.2 | $ | 249.7 | ||
Additions due to acquisitions | | 6.0 | ||||
Other adjustments | (1.1 | ) | (1.5 | ) | ||
|
||||||
Ending Balance | $ | 253.1 | $ | 254.2 | ||
|
In fiscal 2005, Additions due to acquisitions includes the purchase price for the acquisition of Chicken House Publishing Ltd. and the accrual of a final payment related to the fiscal 2002 acquisition of Klutz.
The following table summarizes Other intangibles subject to amortization as of May 31:
2006 | 2005 | ||||||
Customer lists | 3.0 | 3.0 | |||||
Accumulated amortization | (2.9 | ) | (2.8 | ) | |||
|
|||||||
Net customer lists | 0.1 | 0.2 | |||||
|
|||||||
Other intangibles | 4.0 | 4.0 | |||||
Accumulated amortization | (2.8 | ) | (2.6 | ) | |||
|
|||||||
Net other intangibles | 1.2 | 1.4 | |||||
|
|||||||
Total | 1.3 | 1.6 | |||||
|
The following table summarizes Other intangibles not subject to amortization as of May 31:
|
||||||
2006 | 2005 | |||||
|
||||||
Net carrying value by major class: | ||||||
Titles | $ | 31.0 | $ | 31.0 | ||
Licenses | 17.2 | 17.2 | ||||
Major sets | 11.4 | 11.4 | ||||
Trademarks and other | 17.5 | 17.5 | ||||
|
||||||
Total | $ | 77.1 | $ | 77.1 | ||
|
7. INCOME TAXES
The provisions for income taxes for the fiscal years ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 are based on earnings before taxes as follows:
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||
United States | $ | 103.2 | $ | 91.3 | $ | 89.1 | |||
Non-United States | 4.4 | 8.4 | 0.5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Total | $ | 107.6 | $ | 99.7 | $ | 89.6 | |||
|
The provisions for income taxes attributable to earnings for the fiscal years ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 consist of the following components:
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Federal | |||||||||
Current
|
$ | 25.1 | $ | 5.7 | $ | 19.0 | |||
Deferred
|
1.6 | 19.0 | 5.9 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
$ | 26.7 | $ | 24.7 | $ | 24.9 | ||||
|
|||||||||
State and local
|
|||||||||
Current
|
$ | 6.6 | $ | 4.2 | $ | 4.7 | |||
Deferred
|
0.1 | 0.4 | 0.8 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
$ | 6.7 | $ | 4.6 | $ | 5.5 | ||||
|
|||||||||
International
|
|||||||||
Current
|
$ | 5.5 | $ | 5.1 | $ | 5.5 | |||
Deferred
|
0.1 | 1.0 | (4.1 | ) | |||||
|
|||||||||
$ | 5.6 | $ | 6.1 | $ | 1.4 | ||||
|
|||||||||
Total | |||||||||
Current
|
$ | 37.2 | $ | 15.0 | $ | 29.2 | |||
Deferred
|
1.8 | 20.4 | 2.6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
$ | 39.0 | $ | 35.4 | $ | 31.8 | ||||
|
The provisions for income taxes for the fiscal years ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 differ from the amount of tax determined by applying the federal statutory rate as follows:
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||
Computed federal statutory provision | $ | 37.7 | $ | 34.9 | $ | 31.4 | |||||
State income tax provision, net of federal income tax benefit | 4.4 | 3.0 | 3.6 | ||||||||
Difference in effective tax rates on earnings of foreign subsidiaries | (0.1 | ) | (0.4 | ) | (3.0 | ) | |||||
Extraterritorial income | (1.4 | ) | (0.9 | ) | (0.8 | ) | |||||
Charitable contributions | (0.6 | ) | (1.4 | ) | 0.0 | ||||||
Other net | (1.0 | ) | 0.2 | 0.6 | |||||||
Total provision for income taxes | $ | 39.0 | $ | 35.4 | $ | 31.8 | |||||
|
|||||||||||
Effective tax rates | 36.25 | % | 35.5 | % | 35.5 | % | |||||
|
The undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries at May 31, 2006 were $21.2. Any remittance of foreign earnings would not result in any significant additional tax.
The following table sets forth the tax effects of items that give rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities at May 31, 2006 and 2005:
|
|||||||
2006 | 2005 | ||||||
Net deferred tax assets: | |||||||
Tax uniform capitalization | $ | 21.7 | $ | 23.7 | |||
Inventory reserves | 19.1 | 18.4 | |||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts | 14.7 | 10.7 | |||||
Other reserves | 15.8 | 12.4 | |||||
Post-retirement, post-employment and pension obligations | 16.8 | 20.5 | |||||
Tax carryforwards | 19.1 | 17.6 | |||||
Lease accounting | 6.3 | 6.5 | |||||
Prepaid expenses | (16.5 | ) | (11.4 | ) | |||
Depreciation and amortization | (39.6 | ) | (35.1 | ) | |||
Other net | 7.0 | 7.3 | |||||
|
|||||||
Subtotal | 64.4 | 70.6 | |||||
|
|||||||
Valuation allowance | (10.7 | ) | (8.8 | ) | |||
|
|||||||
Total net deferred tax assets | $ | 53.7 | $ | 61.8 | |||
|
Total net deferred tax assets of $53.7 at May 31, 2006 and $61.8 at May 31, 2005 include $5.5 and $4.1 in Other accrued expenses at May 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, and $18.4 and $17.2 in Other noncurrent liabilities at May 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
At May 31, 2006, the Company had a charitable deduction carryforward of $16.6, which expires in various amounts during the fiscal years ending 2008 through 2010, and federal and state operating loss carryforwards of $3.2 and $16.6, respectively, which expire annually in varying amounts if not utilized. The Company also had foreign operating loss carryforwards of $29.4 at May 31, 2006, which either expire at various dates or do not expire.
For the years ended May 31, 2006 and 2005, the valuation allowance increased by $1.9 and $0.4, respectively.
The Company had tax reserves totaling $7.3 and $7.2 at May 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
8. CAPITAL STOCK AND STOCK OPTIONS
Scholastic Corporation has authorized capital stock of 2,500,000 shares of Class A Stock, par value $0.01 per share (the Class A Stock); 70,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share (the Common Stock); and 2,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $1.00 per share (the Preferred Stock).
Class A Stock and Common Stock
At
May 31, 2006, 1,656,200 shares of Class A Stock and 40,282,246 shares of Common
Stock were outstanding. At May 31, 2006, Scholastic Corporation had reserved
for issuance 10,717,299 shares of Common Stock. Of this amount, 8,514,515 shares
of Common Stock were reserved for issuance under the Companys stock-based
plans (including shares available for grant and stock options and Restricted Stock Units currently
outstanding), 1,656,200 shares of Common Stock were reserved for issuance upon
conversion of the outstanding Class A Stock and 546,584 shares of Common Stock were reserved
for future issuances under the Companys stock-based plans. At May 31, 2006
750,000 shares of Class A Stock were reserved for issuance under the Companys
stock-based plans (including shares available for grant and stock options currently
outstanding).
The only voting rights vested in the holders of Common Stock, except as required by law, are the election of such number of directors as shall equal at
least one-fifth of the members of the Board. The holders of Class A Stock are entitled to elect all other directors and to vote on all other matters. Holders of Class A Stock and Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share on matters on which they are entitled to vote. The holders of Class A Stock have the right, at their option, to convert shares of Class A Stock into shares of Common Stock on a share-for-share basis.
With the exception of voting rights and conversion rights, and as to the rights of holders of Preferred Stock if issued, the Class A Stock and the Common Stock are equal in rank and are entitled to dividends and distributions, when and if declared by the Board. Scholastic Corporation has not paid any cash dividends since its public offering in 1992 and has no current plans to pay any dividends on its Class A Stock or Common Stock.
Preferred Stock
The
Preferred Stock may be issued in one or more series, with the rights of each
series, including voting rights, to be determined by the Board before each issuance.
To date, no shares of Preferred Stock have been issued.
Stock-Based Awards
At
May 31, 2006, the Company maintained three stockholder-approved employee stock-based
benefit plans with regard to the Common Stock: the Scholastic Corporation 1992
Stock Option Plan (the 1992 Plan), under
which no further awards can be made; the Scholastic Corporation 1995 Stock Option
Plan (the 1995 Plan), under which no further awards can be made;
and the Scholastic Corporation 2001 Stock Incentive Plan (the 2001 Plan).
The 2001 Plan provides for the issuance of incentive stock options, which qualify
for favorable treatment under the Internal Revenue Code, and options that are
not so qualified, called non-qualified options, restricted stock and other stock-based
awards.
Stock Options At May 31, 2006, non-qualified stock options to purchase 190,000 shares, 2,894,578 shares and 2,758,530 shares of Common Stock were outstanding under the 1992 Plan, 1995 Plan and 2001 Plan, respectively, and 759,541 shares of Common Stock were available for additional awards under the 2001 Plan.
The Company also maintains the 1997 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan (the 1997 Directors Plan), a stockholder-approved stock option plan for outside directors. The 1997 Directors Plan, as amended, provides for the automatic grant to each non-employee director on the date of each annual stockholders meeting of non-qualified stock options to purchase 6,000 shares of Common Stock. At May 31, 2006, options to purchase 376,000 shares of Common Stock were outstanding under the 1997 Directors Plan and 144,000 shares of Common Stock were available for additional awards under the 1997 Directors Plan. In September 2005, options were awarded under the 1997 Directors Plan at an exercise price of $36.41.
The Scholastic Corporation 2004 Class A Stock Incentive Plan (the Class A Plan) provides for the grant to Richard Robinson, the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation as of the effective date of the Class A Plan, of options (Class A Options) to purchase up to an aggregate of 750,000 shares of Class A Stock. At May 31, 2006, there were 666,000 Class A Options outstanding under the Class A Plan.
Generally, options granted under the various plans may not be exercised for a minimum of one year after the date of grant and expire approximately ten years after the date of grant. As a result of the Acceleration, all unvested stock options outstanding as of May 30, 2006 became vested and immediately exercisable.
The following table sets forth the stock option activity for the Class A Stock and Common Stock plans for the three fiscal years ended May 31:
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||
Weighted | Weighted | Weighted | ||||||||||||||||
Average | Average | Average | ||||||||||||||||
Exercise | Exercise | Exercise | ||||||||||||||||
Options | Price | Options | Price | Options | Price | |||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding beginning of year | 7,469,650 | $
|
28.57 | 8,032,587 | $ |
28.52 | 6,852,258 | $
|
28.65 | |||||||||
Granted | 851,500 | 34.67 | 912,901 | 28.32 | 1,599,000 | 27.90 | ||||||||||||
Exercised | (1,101,878 | ) | 23.36 | (1,038,828 | ) | 26.10 | (197,296 | ) | 23.23 | |||||||||
Cancelled | (334,164 | ) | 32.81 | (437,010 | ) | 33.36 | (221,375 | ) | 32.89 | |||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding end of year | 6,885,108 | $ | 30.24 | 7,469,650 | $ | 28.57 | 8,032,587 | $ | 28.52 | |||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||
Exercisable end of year | 6,885,108 | $
|
30.24 | 5,106,057 | $
|
28.18 | 5,279,912 | $
|
27.43 | |||||||||
|
The following table sets forth information as of May 31, 2006 regarding weighted average exercise prices and weighted average remaining contractual lives for the remaining outstanding stock options, sorted by range of exercise price:
|
Options Exercisable | ||||||||||||||
Weighted | |||||||||||||||
Average | Weighted | ||||||||||||||
Weighted | Remaining | Average | |||||||||||||
Options | Average | Contractual | Number | Exercise | |||||||||||
Price Range | Number | Exercise Price | Life | Exercisable | Price | ||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||
$15.73 |
|
$20.97 | 841,806 | $ 18.42 | 1.5 | 841,806 | $ 18.42 | ||||||||
$20.98 |
|
$26.21 | 899,250 | 25.37 | 4.1 | 899,250 | 25.37 | ||||||||
$26.22 |
|
$31.45 | 2,233,510 | 28.57 | 7.0 | 2,233,510 | 28.57 | ||||||||
$31.46 |
|
$36.69 | 1,948,160 | 34.22 | 6.0 | 1,948,160 | 34.22 | ||||||||
$36.70 |
|
$41.94 | 445,409 | 37.48 | 8.1 | 445,409 | 37.48 | ||||||||
$41.95 |
|
$47.18 | 449,913 | 43.06 | 5.5 | 449,913 | 43.06 | ||||||||
$47.19 |
|
$52.42 | 67,060 | 49.77 | 5.6 | 67,060 | 49.77 | ||||||||
|
53
Restricted Stock The Company may grant restricted stock units under the 2001 Plan (Stock Units). During fiscal 2006 and 2005, the Company granted 1,000 and 71,731 Stock Units, respectively, with a weighted average grant date fair value of $26.33 and $30.81 per unit, respectively, to certain officers and key executives. The Stock Units are scheduled to vest in four equal annual installments beginning one year from the grant date. Upon vesting, Stock Units are converted automatically on a one-for-one basis into shares of Common Stock. In fiscal 2006 and 2005, the Company amortized $0.6 and $0.3, respectively, in connection with the outstanding Stock Units, recorded as a component of Selling, general and administrative expenses.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The
Company maintains an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the ESPP), which
is offered to eligible United States employees. The ESPP previously permitted
participating employees to purchase Common Stock, with after-tax payroll deductions,
on a quarterly basis at a 15% discount from the lower of the closing price of
the Common Stock on NASDAQ on the first or last business day of each fiscal quarter.
Effective June 1, 2006, the Company amended the ESPP to provide that the 15%
discount will be based solely on the closing price of the Common Stock on NASDAQ
on the last business day of the fiscal quarter. During fiscal 2006, 2005 and
2004, the Company issued 77,134 shares, 98,286 shares and 121,256 shares of Common
Stock under the ESPP at a weighted average price of $28.08, $26.38 and $25.01
per share, respectively. At May 31, 2006, there were 274,186 shares of Common
Stock authorized to be issued under the ESPP.
Management Stock Purchase Plan
The
Company maintains a Management Stock Purchase Plan (MSPP), which allows certain members of senior management to defer up to 100% of their annual cash bonus payment in the form of restricted stock units
(RSUs). The RSUs are purchased by the employee at a 25% discount
from the lowest closing price of the Common Stock on NASDAQ during the fiscal
quarter in which such bonuses are payable and are converted into shares of Common
Stock on a one-for-one basis at the end of the
applicable deferral period. During fiscal 2006, 2005 and 2004, the Company allocated
35,211 RSUs, 13,171 RSUs and 0 RSUs to participants under the MSPP at a weighted
average price of $26.64, $19.76
and $0 per RSU, respectively, resulting in an expense of $0.3, $0.5 and $0.4,
respectively. At May 31, 2006 there were 273,398 shares of Common Stock authorized
for issuance under the MSPP.
9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
Pension Plans
The
Company has a cash balance retirement plan (the Pension Plan), which covers the majority of United States employees who meet certain eligibility requirements. The Company funds all of the contributions for
the Pension Plan. Benefits generally are based on the Companys contributions and interest credits allocated to participants accounts based on years of benefit service and annual pensionable earnings. It is the Companys policy to fund the
minimum amount required by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (ERISA).
Scholastic Ltd., an indirect subsidiary of Scholastic Corporation located in the United Kingdom, has a defined benefit pension plan (the U.K. Pension Plan) that covers its employees who meet various eligibility requirements. Benefits are based on years of service and on a percentage of compensation near retirement. The U.K. Pension Plan is funded by contributions from Scholastic Ltd. and its employees.
Grolier Ltd., an indirect subsidiary of Scholastic Corporation located in Canada, provides a defined benefit pension plan (the Grolier Canada Pension Plan) that covers its employees who meet certain eligibility requirements. All full time employees are eligible to participate in the plan after two years of employment. Grolier Ltd.s contributions to the fund have been suspended due to an actuarial surplus. Employees are not required to contribute to the fund.
The Companys pension plans have different measurement dates, as follows: for the Pension PlanMay 31, 2006; for the U.K. Pension Plan and the Grolier Canada Pension PlanMarch 31, 2006.
54
Post-Retirement Benefits
The
Company provides post-retirement benefits to retired United States-based employees
(the Post-Retirement Benefits) consisting of certain healthcare and life insurance benefits. A majority of these employees
may become eligible for these benefits after completing certain minimum age and service requirements. At May 31, 2006, the unrecognized prior service cost remaining was $8.4.
The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act (the Medicare Act) introduced a prescription drug benefit under Medicare (Medicare Part D) as well as a Federal subsidy of 28% to sponsors of retiree health care benefit plans providing a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D. In response to the Medicare Act, the FASB issued Staff Position 106-2, Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003, to provide additional disclosure and guidance in implementing the federal subsidy provided by the Medicare Act. Based on this guidance, the Company has determined that the Post-Retirement Benefits provided to the retiree population are in aggregate the actuarial equivalent of the benefits under Medicare. As a result, in fiscal 2006 and 2005, the Company recognized a reduction of its accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation of $9.2 and $3.2, respectively, due to the federal subsidy under the Medicare Act.
The following table sets forth the weighted average actuarial assumptions utilized to determine the benefit obligations for the Pension Plan, the U.K. Pension Plan and the Grolier Canada Pension Plan (collectively the Pension Plans), including the Post-Retirement Benefits, at May 31:
|
||||||||||||
Pension Plans | Benefits | |||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||
|
||||||||||||
Weighted average assumptions used to
|
||||||||||||
determine benefit obligations: | ||||||||||||
Discount rate | 5.9 | % | 5.3 | % | 6.1 | % | 5.3 | % | ||||
Rate of compensation increase | 3.6 | % | 4.0 | % | | | ||||||
Weighted average assumptions used to
|
||||||||||||
determine net periodic benefit cost: | ||||||||||||
Discount rate | 5.3 | % | 6.5 | % | 5.3 | % | 6.7 | % | ||||
Expected long-term return on plan assets | 8.7 | % | 8.8 | % | | | ||||||
Rate of compensation | 3.6 | % | 4.0 | % | | | ||||||
|
To develop the expected long-term rate of return on assets assumption for the Pension Plans, the Company, with the assistance of its actuaries, considers historical returns and future expectations. Over the 15-20 year periods ended May 31, 2006, the returns on the portfolio, assuming it was invested at the current target asset allocation in the prior periods, would have been a compounded annual average of 10%-12%. Considering this information and the potential for lower future returns due to a generally lower interest rate environment, the Company selected an assumed weighted average long-term rate of return of 8.7% for all of the Pension Plans.
55
The following table sets forth changes in benefit obligation and plan assets, the reconciliation of funded status and the (decrease) increase in the minimum pension liability included in Accumulated other comprehensive loss for the Pension Plans and the Post-Retirement Benefits for the fiscal years ended May 31:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in benefit obligation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benefit obligation at beginning of year | $ | 158.0 | $ | 131.2 | $ | 36.2 | $ | 31.4 | ||||||||||||||||
Service cost | 8.0 | 7.0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest cost | 8.3 | 8.3 | 1.8 | 2.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Plan participants contributions | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Actuarial (gains) losses | (2.8 | ) | 18.6 | (4.7 | ) | 4.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency exchange rate changes | 0.1 | 1.9 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Benefits paid | (10.0 | ) | (9.4 | ) | (2.6 | ) | (2.5 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Benefit obligation at end of year | $ | 162.0 | $ | 158.0 | $ | 31.1 | $ | 36.2 | ||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in plan assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year | $ | 120.6 | $ | 114.7 | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||||||||
Actual gain on plan assets | 13.1 | 10.6 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Company contributions | 1.5 | 3.7 | 2.6 | 2.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Plan participants contributions | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Administrative expenses | (1.1 | ) | (1.0 | ) | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency exchange rate changes | 0.2 | 1.6 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Benefits paid | (10.0 | ) | (9.4 | ) | (2.8 | ) | (2.7 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair value of plan assets at end of year | $ | 124.7 | $ | 120.6 | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Funded status | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Underfunded status of the plans | $ | (37.3 | ) | $ | (37.4 | ) | $ | (31.1 | ) | $ | (36.2 | ) | ||||||||||||
Unrecognized net actuarial loss | 43.4 | 53.4 | 19.3 | 25.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Unrecognized prior service cost | (1.3 | ) | (1.6 | ) | (8.4 | ) | (9.2 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Unrecognized net asset obligation | | 0.1 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued benefit asset (liability) | $ | 4.8 | $ | 14.5 | $ | (20.2 | ) | $ | (19.8 |
) | ||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance Sheets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Prepaid benefit cost | $ | 4.8 | $ | 14.5 | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||||||||
Accrued benefit liability | (28.7 | ) | (40.7 | ) | (20.2 | ) | (19.8 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Intangible asset | 0.1 | 0.1 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
|
28.6 | 40.6 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net amount recognized | $ | 4.8 | $ | 14.5 | $ | (20.2 | ) | $ | (19.8 |
) | ||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Decrease (increase) in minimum liability included
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
in other comprehensive income | $ | 12.0 | $ | (14.6 | ) | $ | | $ | | |||||||||||||||
|
56
The accumulated benefit obligation for the Pension Plans was $149.4 and $148.4 at May 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The following table sets forth information with respect to the Pension Plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets for the fiscal years ended May 31:
2006 | 2005 | |||||||
Projected benefit obligations | $ | 153.9 | $ | 150.1 | ||||
Accumulated benefit obligations | 142.3 | 141.6 | ||||||
Fair value of plan assets | 115.7 | 112.1 | ||||||
|
The following table sets forth the components of the net periodic benefit costs under the Pension Plans and the Post-Retirement Benefits for the fiscal years ended May 31:
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Service cost | $ | 8.0 | $ | 7.0 | $ | 7.0 | $ | 0.2 | $ | 0.4 | $ | 0.4 | |||||||||||||||
Interest cost | 8.3 | 8.3 | 7.7 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Expected return on assets | (8.8 | ) | (8.7 | ) | (8.0 | ) | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Net amortization and deferrals | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 1.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Decrease in valuation allowance | | | (1.2 | ) | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Recognized net actuarial loss | 3.7 | 2.3 | 2.5 | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 11.4 | $ | 9.1 | $ | 8.3 | $ | 3.0 | $ | 3.2 | $ | 3.6 | |||||||||||||||
|
Plan Assets
The
Companys investment policy with regard to the assets in the Pension Plans
is to actively manage, within acceptable risk parameters, certain asset classes where the potential exists to outperform the broader market.
The following table sets forth the total weighted average asset allocations for the Pension Plans by asset category at May 31:
2006 | 2005 | |||||
Small cap equities | 12.1 | % | 16.6 | % | ||
International equities | 13.8 | 9.8 | ||||
Index fund equities | 41.3 | 44.0 | ||||
Bonds and fixed interest products | 31.8 | 29.0 | ||||
Real estate | 0.9 | 0.5 | ||||
Other | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||||
|
||||||
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | |||
|
The following table sets forth the weighted average target asset allocations for the Pension Plans included in the Companys investment policy:
Grolier
|
|||||||||
U.K.
|
Canada
|
||||||||
Pension
|
Pension
|
Pension
|
|||||||
Plan
|
Plan
|
Plan
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Equity | 65.0 | % | 68.0 | % | 35.0 | % | |||
Debt and Cash Equivalents | 35.0 | 25.0 | 65.0 | ||||||
Real Estate | | 7.0 | | ||||||
|
|||||||||
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||
|
57
Contributions
In
fiscal 2007, the Company expects to contribute $8.4 to the Pension Plan and Scholastic Ltd. expects to contribute $1.1
to the U.K. Pension Plan.
Estimated Future Benefit Payments
The following table sets forth the expected future benefit payments under the Pension Plans and the Post-Retirement Benefits by fiscal year:
|
|||||||||||
|
|||||||||||
Medicare | |||||||||||
Pension | Benefit | Subsidy | |||||||||
Benefits | Payments | Receipts | |||||||||
|
|||||||||||
2007 | $ | 11.3 | $ | 2.7 | $ | 0.4 | |||||
2008 | 10.4 | 2.8 | 0.4 | ||||||||
2009 | 11.1 | 2.9 | 0.5 | ||||||||
2010 | 10.7 | 3.0 | 0.5 | ||||||||
2011 | 10.5 | 3.1 | 0.5 | ||||||||
2012-2016 | 54.8 | 15.7 | 2.7 | ||||||||
|
|||||||||||
Assumed health care cost trend rates at May 31: | |||||||||||
2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||
Health care cost trend rate assumed for | |||||||||||
the next fiscal year | 9.0 | % | 11.0 | % | |||||||
Rate to which the cost trend is assumed | |||||||||||
to decline (the ultimate trend rate) | 5.0 | % | 5.0 | % | |||||||
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate | 2012 | 2012 | |||||||||
|
Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the Companys health care plans. A one percentage point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects:
2006 | 2005 | ||||||||
Total service and interest cost | $ | 0.2 | $ | 0.2 | |||||
Post-retirement benefit obligation | 2.5 | 3.1 | |||||||
|
Defined Contribution Plans
The
Company also provides defined contribution plans for certain eligible employees.
In the United States, the Company sponsors a 401(k) retirement plan and has contributed $6.8, $6.2 and $5.9 for fiscal 2006,
2005 and 2004, respectively. For its internationally-based employees, the contributions under these plans totaled $6.1, $4.6 and $2.3
for fiscal 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
10. EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the fiscal years ended May 31:
2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Net income for basic and | |||||||||
diluted earnings per share | $ | 68.6 | $ | 64.3 | $ | 57.8 | |||
Weighted average Shares of Class A | |||||||||
Stock and Common Stock | |||||||||
outstanding for basic earnings | |||||||||
per share | 41.6 | 40.0 | 39.4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Dilutive effect of Common Stock issued | |||||||||
pursuant to stock-based | |||||||||
benefit plans | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Adjusted weighted average Shares | |||||||||
of Class A Stock and Common | |||||||||
Stock outstanding for diluted | |||||||||
earnings per share | 42.2 | 40.8 | 40.1 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Earnings per share of Class A Stock | |||||||||
and Common Stock: | |||||||||
Basic | $ | 1.65 | $ | 1.61 | $ | 1.47 | |||
Diluted | $ | 1.63 | $ | 1.58 | $ | 1.44 | |||
|
11. COST OF GOODS SOLDREFERENCE SETS
In fiscal 2006, the Company recorded pre-tax costs primarily related to the accelerated amortization of prepublication costs of $3.2, or $0.05 per diluted share, in connection with its decision not to update certain print versions of reference sets.
12. BAD DEBT EXPENSEEDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING
In fiscal 2006, the Company recorded bad debt expense totaling of $2.9, or $0.04 per diluted share, related to the bankruptcy of a for-profit educational services customer.
13. SPECIAL SEVERANCE CHARGES
In May 2003, the Company announced a reduction in its global work force. The majority of the affected employees were notified in the fiscal year ended May 31, 2003. In the fiscal year ended May 31, 2004, the Company established additional liabilities of $3.3 for severance and other related costs with respect to the affected employees notified in that fiscal year, which is reflected in the Companys income statement as the Special severance charges for the year ended May 31, 2004. As of May 31, 2006, substantially all of the established liabilities had been paid.
58
14. OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)
In fiscal 2004, the Company received a payment of $10.0 in connection with the early termination of a sublease by one of its tenants. This transaction resulted in a pre-tax net gain of $8.0. The impact of this gain on earnings per diluted share was $0.13.
15. CONTINUITY CHARGES
In fiscal 2004, the Company recorded pre-tax charges of $25.4 in connection with a review of its continuity business. These charges represent write-downs of deferred promotion costs of $12.7 and inventory from discontinued programs of $6.8, and an increase in bad debts of $2.0, as well as modest increases in returns provisions and related severance costs. These charges are primarily reflected as Cost of goods sold; Selling, general and administrative expenses; and Bad debt expense. In fiscal 2004, the impact of these charges on earnings per diluted share was $0.41. In fiscal 2005, the Company recorded additional pre-tax charges of $3.8, or $0.06 per diluted share, primarily for severance costs due to the prior year review of its continuity business, which are reflected as Selling, general and administrative expenses.
16. OTHER FINANCIAL DATA
Deferred promotion costs were $49.8 and $38.6 at May 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Promotion costs expensed were $85.5, $81.1 and $119.2 for the fiscal years ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Promotional expense consists of $77.9, $73.9 and $111.1 for continuity program promotions and $7.6, $7.2 and $8.1 for magazine advertising for fiscal 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Other advertising expenses were $160.5, $156.5 and $160.1 for the fiscal years ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Prepublication costs were $115.9 and $120.2 at May 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The Company amortized $50.9, $53.9 and $57.8 of prepublication costs for the fiscal years ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Other accrued expenses include a reserve for unredeemed credits issued in conjunction with the Companys school-based book club and book fair operations of $11.9 and $11.6 at May 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
59
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND STOCKHOLDERS
OF SCHOLASTIC CORPORATION
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Scholastic Corporation as of May 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders equity and comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended May 31, 2006. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule included in the Index at Item 15(a). These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Scholastic Corporation at May 31, 2006 and 2005, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended May 31, 2006, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statements schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of Scholastic Corporations internal control over financial reporting as of May 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated August 4, 2006 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Ernst & Young LLP
New York, New York
August 4, 2006
60
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND STOCKHOLDERS
OF SCHOLASTIC CORPORATION
We have audited managements assessment, included in the accompanying Managements Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, that Scholastic Corporation maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of May 31, 2006 based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Scholastic Corporations management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on managements assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the companys internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating managements assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, managements assessment that the Scholastic Corporation maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of May 31, 2006 is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on the COSO criteria. Also, in our opinion, Scholastic Corporation maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of May 31, 2006 based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Scholastic Corporation as of May 31, 2006 and 2005 and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders equity and comprehensive income, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended May 31, 2006 and our report dated August 4, 2006 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Ernst & Young LLP
New York, New York
August 4, 2006
61
Supplementary Financial Information | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Summary of Quarterly Results of Operations
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
(Unaudited, amounts in millions except per share data)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Fiscal | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Year | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fourth | Ended | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter(2)(3)(4) | May 31, | |||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
2006
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues
|
$ | 498.4 | $ | 696.7 | $ | 487.7 | $ | 601.0 | $ | 2,283.8 | ||||||||||||
Cost of goods sold
|
293.0 | 302.0 | 244.6 | 263.5 | 1,103.1 | |||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss)
|
(21.2 | ) | 66.9 | (15.5 | ) | 38.4 | 68.6 | |||||||||||||||
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
and Common Stock:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic(5)
|
$ | (0.52 | ) | $ | 1.61 | $ | (0.37 | ) | $ | 0.92 | $ | 1.65 | ||||||||||
Diluted(5)
|
$ | (0.52 | ) | $ | 1.58 | $ | (0.37 | ) | $ | 0.91 | $ | 1.63 | ||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
2005
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 323.7 | $ | 683.3 | $ | 480.8 | $ | 592.1 | $ | 2,079.9 | ||||||||||||
Cost of goods sold | 176.8 | 304.5 | 236.5 | 261.2 | 979.0 | |||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | (50.5 | ) | 72.5 | (0.8 | ) | 43.1 | 64.3 | |||||||||||||||
Earnings (loss) per share of Class A
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
and Common Stock:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic
|
$ | (1.28 | ) | $ | 1.83 | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | 1.06 | $ | 1.61 | ||||||||||
Diluted
|
$ | (1.28 | ) | $ | 1.80 | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | 1.03 | $ | 1.58 | ||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Certain prior year period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current year presentation. | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
(1) | The first quarter of fiscal 2005 includes additional pre-tax charges of $3.6, or $0.06 per diluted share, in connection with the Companys prior year review of its continuity business. |
(2) | The third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2006 include pre-tax bad debt expense of $1.5, or $0.02 per diluted share, and $1.4, or $0.02 per diluted share, respectively, associated with the bankruptcy of a customer. |
(3) | The fourth quarter of fiscal 2006 includes pre-tax costs of $3.2, or $0.05 per diluted share, related to the write-down of certain print reference set assets. |
(4) | The fourth quarter of fiscal 2005 includes additional pre-tax charges of $0.2 in connection with the Companys prior year review of its continuity business. |
(5) | The Company has restated certain earnings per share information included in its previously issued fiscal 2006 interim consolidated financial statements to correct calculation errors. The restatement resulted in a decrease of diluted earnings per share of $0.01 for the second quarter of fiscal 2006. The restatement also resulted in a $0.01 decrease in basic earnings per share and a $0.02 decrease in diluted earnings per share for both the six and nine month periods ended November 30, 2005 and February 28, 2006, respectively. All other earnings (loss) per share information included in the Companys previously issued fiscal 2006 interim consolidated financial statements was unaffected by the restatement. |
Item 9 | Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
None.
62
The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Corporation, after conducting an evaluation, together with other members of the Companys management, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Corporations disclosure controls and procedures as of May 31, 2006, have concluded that the Corporations disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Corporation in its reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act) is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC and accumulated and communicated to members of the Companys management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Corporation. A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. The Corporations Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, after conducting an evaluation, together with other members of Scholastic management, of the effectiveness of the Corporations internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, concluded that the Corporations internal control over financial reporting was effective as of May 31, 2006.
Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has issued an attestation report on this assessment of the effectiveness of the Corporations internal control over financial reporting as of May 31, 2006, which is included herein. There was no change in the Corporations internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended May 31, 2006 that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Corporations internal control over financial reporting, except that the Corporation implemented a new computer-based order entry, customer service, accounts receivable and collection system for certain of the Companys operations and, in connection with this implementation, designed and put into place new automated and manual internal control procedures to obtain reasonable assurance that sales transactions processed through the new system would be recorded in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Item 9B | Other Information
None.
63
Item 10 | Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant
Information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Corporations definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act. Certain information regarding the Corporations Executive Officers is set forth in Part I Item 1 Business.
Item 11 | Executive CompensationIncorporated herein by reference from the Corporations definitive proxy statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.
Item 12 | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Incorporated herein by reference from the Corporations definitive proxy statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.
The additional information required by this item is incorporated herein by reference from the Corporations definitive proxy statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.
Item 13 | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
Incorporated herein by reference from the Corporations definitive proxy statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.
Item 14 | Principal Accountant Fees and Services
Incorporated herein by reference from the Corporations definitive proxy statement to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.
64
Part IV
Item 15 | Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K
(a)(1)
|
Financial Statements: |
|
|
The following consolidated financial statements are included in Part II, Item 8, Consolidated Financial | |
Statements and Supplementary Data: | |
Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 | |
Consolidated Balance Sheets at May 31, 2006 and 2005 | |
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity and Comprehensive Income for the years | |
ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 | |
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended May 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 | |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | |
|
|
(a)(2) and (c)
|
Financial Statement Schedule: |
The following consolidated financial statement schedule is included with this report: Schedule II- | |
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves | |
All other schedules have been omitted since the required information is not present or is not present in | |
amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or because the information required is included | |
in the Consolidated Financial Statements or the Notes thereto. |
(a)(3) and (b) |
Exhibits: |
3.1
|
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, as amended to date (incorporated by |
reference to the Corporations Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on August 2, 2004). | |
|
|
3.2
|
Bylaws of the Corporation, amended and restated as of March 16, 2000 (incorporated by reference to the |
Corporations Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as filed with the SEC on April 14, 2000, SEC File No. 000- | |
19860). | |
|
|
4.1*
|
Credit Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2004, among the Corporation and Scholastic Inc., as borrowers, |
the Initial Lenders named therein, Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent, Citigroup Global Markets Inc. | |
and J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., as joint lead arrangers, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and Fleet Bank, | |
N.A., as syndication agents. | |
|
|
4.2*
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Amended and Restated Revolving Loan Agreement, dated November 10, 1999, among the Corporation, |
Scholastic Inc. and Sun Bank, National Association, together with Amendment No. 1, dated June 22, 2000, | |
and Amendment No. 2, dated as of April 30, 2004. | |
|
|
4.3
|
Indenture dated January 23, 2002 for 5.75% Notes due January 15, 2007 issued by the Corporation |
(incorporated by reference to the Corporations Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333- | |
55238) as filed with the SEC on February 8, 2001). |
65
4.4*
|
Indenture dated April 4, 2003 for 5% Notes due 2013 issued by the Corporation. |
|
|
10.1**
|
Scholastic Corporation 1995 Stock Option Plan, effective as of September 21, 1995 (incorporated by |
reference to the Corporations Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 33-98186) as filed | |
with the SEC on October 16, 1995), together with Amendment No. 1, effective September 16, 1998 | |
(incorporated by reference to the Corporations Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as filed with the SEC on | |
October 15, 1998, SEC File No. 000-19860), Amendment No. 2, effective as of July 18, 2001 (incorporated | |
by reference to the 2001 10-K), and Amendment No. 3, effective as of May 25, 2006. | |
|
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10.2**
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Scholastic Corporation Management Stock Purchase Plan, amended and restated effective as of January 1, |
2005. | |
|
|
10.3**
|
Scholastic Corporation 1997 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan, amended and restated as of May 25, |
1999 (incorporated by reference to the Corporations Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on | |
August 23, 1999, SEC File No. 000-19860 (the 1999 10-K)), together with Amendment No. 1 dated | |
September 20, 2001 (incorporated by reference to the Corporations Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as filed | |
with the SEC on January 14, 2002), Amendment No. 2, effective as of September 23, 2003 (incorporated by | |
reference to Appendix B to the Corporations definitive Proxy Statement as filed with the SEC on August | |
19, 2003), and Amendment No. 3, effective as of May 25, 2006. | |
|
|
10.4**
|
Scholastic Corporation Directors Deferred Compensation Plan, amended and restated effective January 1, |
2005 (incorporated by reference to the Corporations Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as filed with the SEC | |
on April 7, 2006). | |
|
|
10.5**
|
Scholastic Corporation Executive Performance Incentive Plan, effective as of June 1, 1999 (incorporated by |
reference to the Corporations Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as filed with the SEC on October 15, 1999, | |
SEC File No. 19860). | |
|
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10.6**
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Scholastic Corporation 2001 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix A of the |
Corporations definitive Proxy Statement as filed with the SEC on August 24, 2001), together with | |
Amendment No. 1, effective as of May 25, 2006. | |
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10.7**
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Scholastic Corporation 2004 Class A Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to |
Scholastic Corporations definitive Proxy Statement as filed with the SEC on August 2, 2004), together with | |
Amendment No. 1, effective as of May 25, 2006. | |
|
|
10.8
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Amended and Restated Lease, effective as of August 1, 1999, between ISE 555 Broadway, LLC, landlord, |
and Scholastic Inc., tenant, for the building known as 555 Broadway, NY, NY (incorporated by reference to | |
the 1999 10-K). | |
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|
10.9
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Amended and Restated Sublease, effective as of October 9, 1996, between Kalodop Corp., as sublandlord, |
and Scholastic Inc., as subtenant, for the premises known as 557 Broadway, NY, NY (incorporated by | |
reference to the 1999 10-K). | |
|
|
10.10**
|
Agreement between Mary A. Winston and Scholastic Inc. dated August 5, 2005, with regard to certain |
severance arrangements (incorporated by reference to the Corporations Annual Report on Form 10-K as | |
filed with the SEC on August 8, 2005 (the 2005 10-K)). |
66
10.11** | Form of Class A Option Agreement under the Class A Plan (incorporated by reference to the 2005 10-K). |
10.12** | Form of Stock Unit Agreement under the 2001 Plan (incorporated by reference to the 2005 10-K). |
10.13** | Guidelines for Stock Units adopted under the 2001 Plan (incorporated by reference to the 2005 10-K). |
10.14** | Deferred Compensation Agreement between Scholastic Inc. and Ernest Fleishman, as amended and |
restated effective January 1, 2005 (incorporated by reference to the Corporations Quarterly Report on | |
Form 10-Q as filed with the SEC on April 7, 2006). | |
10.15** | Agreement between Lisa Holton and Scholastic Inc. dated August 2, 2006, with regard to certain |
severance arrangements. | |
21 | Subsidiaries of the Corporation. |
23 | Consent of Ernst & Young LLP. |
31.1 | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation filed pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes- |
Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2 | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of the Corporation filed pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes- |
Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32 | Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of the Corporation furnished |
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
* | Such long-term debt does not individually amount to more than 10% of the total assets of the Corporation and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. Accordingly, pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii) of Regulation S-K, such instrument is not filed herewith. The Corporation hereby agrees to furnish a copy of any such instrument to the SEC upon request. |
** | The referenced exhibit is a management contract or compensation plan or arrangement described in Item 601(b) (10) (iii) of Regulation S-K. |
67
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Dated: August 8, 2006
|
SCHOLASTIC CORPORATION | |
By: /s/ Richard Robinson | ||
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||
Richard Robinson, Chairman of the Board, | ||
President and Chief Executive Officer |
Power of Attorney
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Richard Robinson his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with power of substitution and resubstitution,
for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with
the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing necessary and requisite to be done, as fully and to all the intents and purposes as he
might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature | Title |
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/s/ Richard Robinson | Chairman of the Board, President, |
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Chief Executive Officer and | ||
Richard Robinson | Director (Principal Executive Officer) |
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/s/ Mary A. Winston | Executive Vice President and Chief |
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Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) | ||
Mary A. Winston |
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/s/ Karen A. Maloney | Senior Vice President, Corporate Finance |
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and Chief Accounting Officer (Principal | ||
Karen A. Maloney | Accounting Officer) |
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/s/ Rebeca M. Barrera | Director |
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Rebeca M. Barrera |
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/s/ Ramon C. Cortines | Director |
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Ramon C. Cortines |
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/s/ John L. Davies | Director |
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John L. Davies |
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68
Signature | Title |
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/s/ Charles T. Harris III | Director |
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Charles T. Harris III |
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/s/ Andrew S. Hedden | Director |
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Andrew S. Hedden |
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/s/ Mae C. Jemison | Director |
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Mae C. Jemison |
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/s/ Peter M. Mayer | Director |
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Peter M. Mayer |
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/s/ John G. McDonald | Director |
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John G. McDonald |
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/s/ Augustus K. Oliver | Director |
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Augustus K. Oliver |
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/s/ Richard M. Spaulding | Director |
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Richard M. Spaulding |
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69
Scholastic Corporation
Financial Statement Schedule
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
YEAR ENDED MAY 31, 2006
ITEM 15(c)
S-1
Schedule II
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves
(Amounts in millions)
|
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Years Ended May 31,
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|||||||||||||
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|||||||||||||
Balance at | |||||||||||||
Beginning |
Write-Offs
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Balance at | |||||||||||
Of Year | Expensed |
and Other
|
End of Year | ||||||||||
|
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2006 | |||||||||||||
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Allowance for doubtful accounts | $ | 47.3 | $ | 59.1 | $ | 53.6 | $ | 52.8 | |||||
Reserve for returns | 42.0 | 160.9 | 144.5 | (1) | 58.4 | ||||||||
Reserve for obsolescence | 58.5 | 31.3 | 30.9 | 58.9 | |||||||||
Reserve for royalty advances | 52.1 | 3.1 | 0.5 | 54.7 | |||||||||
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2005 | |||||||||||||
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Allowance for doubtful accounts | $ | 68.3 | $ | 62.2 | $ | 83.2 | $ | 47.3 | |||||
Reserve for returns | 52.6 | 130.8 | 141.4 | (1) | 42.0 | ||||||||
Reserve for obsolescence | 59.2 | 38.7 | 39.4 | 58.5 | |||||||||
Reserve for royalty advances | 49.8 | 3.0 | 0.7 | 52.1 | |||||||||
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2004 | |||||||||||||
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Allowance for doubtful accounts | $ | 60.5 | $ | 90.3 | $ | 82.5 | $ | 68.3 | |||||
Reserve for returns | 58.2 | 193.5 | 199.1 | (1) | 52.6 | ||||||||
Reserve for obsolescence | 54.4 | 29.9 | 25.1 | 59.2 | |||||||||
Reserve for royalty advances | 45.8 | 4.3 | 0.3 | 49.8 | |||||||||
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(1) Represents actual returns charged to the reserve. |
S-2
Exhibit 10.1 AMENDMENT NO. 3 TO THE SCHOLASTIC CORPORATION 1995 STOCK OPTION PLAN WHEREAS, Scholastic Corporation (the "Company") maintains the Scholastic Corporation 1995 Stock Option Plan (the "Plan"); WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 6 of the Plan, the Company reserved the right, by action of its Board of Directors (the "Board") to amend the Plan from time to time; and WHEREAS, the Board desires to amend the Plan. NOW, THEREFORE, effective May 25, 2006, the Plan is amended as follows: 1. Paragraph (f) of Section 8 of the Plan is amended and restated to read as follows: "The Committee (i) may provide, in its discretion, that any Stock Option shall become exercisable in installments and (ii) may waive or accelerate any such installment exercise provision, provided, however that, in the event of termination of the Optionee's employment with the Company and its Subsidiaries and Affiliates due to the Optionee's death or Disability, the vesting of any outstanding Stock Option granted to such Optionee shall automatically be accelerated." 2. Except as otherwise provided herein, the Plan is ratified and confirmed and shall continue in full force and effect.
Exhibit 10.2 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SCHOLASTIC CORPORATION MANAGEMENT STOCK PURCHASE PLAN - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Amended and Restated Effective January 1, 2005SCHOLASTIC CORPORATION MANAGEMENT STOCK PURCHASE PLAN (AMENDED AND RESTATED EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1, 2005) TABLE OF CONTENTS ARTICLE 1 -INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................1 1.1 Purpose..............................................................................................1 1.2 Restatement..........................................................................................1 1.3 Effect of Restatement; Plan Bifurcation..............................................................1 1.4 Section 409A of the Code.............................................................................1 ARTICLE 2 -DEFINITIONS.......................................................................................................1 2.1 Affiliate............................................................................................1 2.2 Award Date...........................................................................................2 2.3 Award Value..........................................................................................2 2.4 Beneficiary..........................................................................................2 2.5 Bonus................................................................................................2 2.6 Board of Directors...................................................................................2 2.7 Cause................................................................................................2 2.8 Code.................................................................................................2 2.9 Committee............................................................................................2 2.10 Common Stock or Stock................................................................................2 2.11 Company..............................................................................................3 2.12 Cost.................................................................................................3 2.13 Deferral Period......................................................................................3 2.14 Disability...........................................................................................3 2.15 Exchange Act.........................................................................................3 2.16 Extension of Deferral Election Form..................................................................3 2.17 Fair Market Value....................................................................................3 2.18 Fiscal Year..........................................................................................3 2.19 Foreign Jurisdiction.................................................................................3 2.20 Grandfathered Plan...................................................................................3 2.21 Participant..........................................................................................3 2.22 Plan.................................................................................................4 2.23 Plan Year............................................................................................4 2.24 Restatement Effective Date...........................................................................4 2.25 Retirement...........................................................................................4 2.26 RSU..................................................................................................4 2.27 Rule 16b-3...........................................................................................4 2.28 Specified Employee...................................................................................4 2.29 Subscription Agreement...............................................................................4 2.30 Subsequent Deferral Period...........................................................................4 i
ARTICLE 3 -SHARES RESERVED....................................................................................................4 ARTICLE 4 -ADMINISTRATION.....................................................................................................5 4.1 Administration of the Plan...........................................................................5 4.2 Decisions Binding....................................................................................5 4.3 Delegation of Authority..............................................................................5 4.4 Indemnification......................................................................................5 ARTICLE 5 -ELIGIBILITY........................................................................................................6 ARTICLE 6 -PURCHASES..........................................................................................................6 6.1 General..............................................................................................6 6.2 Voluntary Purchases..................................................................................6 6.3 Awards of RSUs.......................................................................................7 6.4 Subsequent Deferral Election.........................................................................7 ARTICLE 7 -VESTING AND PAYMENT OF RSUS........................................................................................7 7.1 Vesting..............................................................................................7 7.2 Payment on or after Vesting..........................................................................7 7.3 Payment Prior to Vesting.............................................................................8 7.4 Special Rules for Specified Employees................................................................9 ARTICLE 8 -DIVIDEND EQUIVALENT AMOUNTS........................................................................................9 ARTICLE 9 -DESIGNATION OF BENEFICIARY.........................................................................................9 ARTICLE 10 -ADJUSTMENTS.......................................................................................................9 ARTICLE 11 -AMENDMENT OR TERMINATION OF PLAN.................................................................................10 ARTICLE 12 -MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.........................................................................................10 12.1 No Distribution; Compliance with Legal Requirements.................................................10 12.2 Withholding.........................................................................................10 12.3 Notices; Delivery of Stock Certificates.............................................................10 12.4 Nontransferability of Rights........................................................................11 12.5 Obligations Unfunded and Unsecured..................................................................11 12.6 Governing Law.......................................................................................11 12.7 Claims Procedure....................................................................................11 12.8 Rule 16b-3..........................................................................................12 12.9 No Employment Rights................................................................................12 12.10 Severability of Provisions..........................................................................12 12.11 Construction........................................................................................12 12.12 Effective Date of Plan..............................................................................12 ii
SCHOLASTIC CORPORATION MANAGEMENT STOCK PURCHASE PLAN (AMENDED AND RESTATED EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1, 2005) ARTICLE 1 - INTRODUCTION 1.1 PURPOSE. The purpose of the Scholastic Corporation Management Stock Purchase Plan (the "Plan") is to provide equity incentive compensation to selected management employees of Scholastic Corporation and its Affiliates. Participants in the Plan receive restricted stock units ("RSUs") at a discount in lieu of a portion or all of their bonus awards under the Company's annual incentive plan. Under certain circumstances, the RSUs convert into shares of Common Stock. The Company believes that the Plan creates a means to provide deferred compensation to such selected management employees and to raise the level of stock ownership in the Company by such employees thereby strengthening the mutuality of interests between such employees and the Company's stockholders. 1.2 RESTATEMENT. The Company hereby amends and restates the Plan to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. The effective date of this amendment and restatement of the Plan is January 1, 2005. 1.3 EFFECT OF RESTATEMENT; PLAN BIFURCATION. RSUs granted under the Plan on and after January 1, 2005, shall be governed by the terms and conditions of the plan document as set forth herein. RSUs granted under the Plan prior to January 1, 2005 shall be governed by the terms and conditions of the Plan as in effect on December 31, 2004, which shall be known and referred to as the "Grandfathered Plan." RSUs granted under the Plan prior to January 1, 2005, which are not vested as of December 31, 2004, shall be governed by the terms and conditions of the plan document set forth herein. Recordkeeping for the Grandfathered Plan and the Plan shall be done separately. 1.4 SECTION 409A OF THE CODE. This Plan is intended to comply with the applicable requirements of Section 409A of the Code and shall be limited, construed and interpreted in accordance with such intent. To the extent that any payment or benefit hereunder is subject to Section 409A of the Code, it shall be paid in a manner that will comply with Section 409A of the Code, including proposed, temporary or final regulations or any other guidance issued by the Secretary of the Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service with respect thereto. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any provision in this Plan that is inconsistent with Section 409A of the Code shall be deemed to be amended to comply with Section 409A of the Code and to the extent such provision cannot be amended to comply therewith, such provision shall be null and void. ARTICLE 2 - DEFINITIONS 2.1 AFFILIATE. (i) Any corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity as to which the Company possesses a direct or indirect ownership interest of at least 50 percent or which possesses a direct or indirect ownership interest of at least 50% in the Company including, without limitation, any subsidiary corporation (as defined in Section 424(f)
of the Code) and parent corporation (as defined in Section 424(e) of the Code) and (ii) any other entity in which the Company or any of its Affiliates has a material equity interest, as determined by the Committee. 2.2 AWARD DATE. The first business day after the end of the fiscal quarter in which a Bonus for a year is paid or otherwise would have been paid. 2.3 AWARD VALUE. The Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the Award Date. 2.4 BENEFICIARY. A Beneficiary or Beneficiaries designated by the Participant under Article 9. 2.5 BONUS. A Participant's annual award for a Fiscal Year under any annual incentive plan of the Company or its Affiliates that has been designated by the Committee as eligible for deferral under the Plan pursuant to a Subscription Agreement. 2.6 BOARD OF DIRECTORS. The Board of Directors of the Company or the Executive Committee of such Board of Directors. 2.7 CAUSE. Any of the following: (i) any act or acts by the Participant constituting a felony under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or any political subdivision thereof, (ii) the Participant's willful and continued failure to perform the duties assigned to him or her as an employee of the Company or Affiliate; (iii) any material breach by the Participant of any employment agreement with the Company or Affiliate; (iv) dishonesty, gross negligence or malfeasance by the Participant in the performance of his or her duties as an employee of the Company or any Affiliate or any conduct by the Participant which involves a material conflict of interest with any business of the Company or its Affiliates; or (v) taking or knowingly omitting to take any other action or actions in the performance of the Participant's duties as an employee of the Company or its Affiliates without informing appropriate members of management to whom such Participant reports, which in the determination of the Committee have caused or substantially contributed to the material deterioration in the business of the Company and its Affiliates, taken as a whole. 2.8 CODE. The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time. 2.9 COMMITTEE. The committee of the Board of Directors authorized to administer the Plan. To the extent that no Committee exists which has the authority to administer the Plan, the functions of the Committee shall be exercised by the Board of Directors. The Committee shall consist of two or more non-employee directors, each of whom is intended to be, to the extent required by Rule 16b-3, a "non-employee director" as defined in Rule 16b-3. If for any reason the appointed Committee does not meet the requirements of Rule 16b-3, such noncompliance shall not affect the validity of any grants of RSUs hereunder, interpretations or other actions of the Committee. 2.10 COMMON STOCK OR STOCK. Common stock of the Company, par value $.01 per share. 2
2.11 COMPANY. Scholastic Corporation, a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware (or any successor). 2.12 COST. The cost of purchasing an RSU under the Plan as of an Award Date, as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion, but in no event less than 75% of the lowest Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock during the fiscal quarter immediately preceding the Award Date. The cost shall be established as of the applicable Award Date and shall remain in effect unless modified by the Committee at least 30 days prior to the applicable Award Date. 2.13 DEFERRAL PERIOD. A period of time (expressed in whole years) not less than three years beginning on an Award Date as specified by the Participant in his or her Subscription Agreement with respect to RSUs awarded on that Award Date. 2.14 DISABILITY. The inability of a Participant to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment that may result in death and, in any case, is expected to continue for a period of not less than 12 months. 2.15 EXCHANGE ACT. The Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. 2.16 EXTENSION OF DEFERRAL ELECTION FORM. A form used by a Participant to make a subsequent election to extend the Deferral Period applicable to his or her RSUs. An Extension of Deferral Election Form shall contain such provisions, consistent with the provisions of the Plan, as may be established from time to time by the Company or Committee. 2.17 FAIR MARKET VALUE. Unless otherwise required by any applicable provision of the Code or any regulations issued thereunder, as of any date, the last sales price reported for the Common Stock on the applicable date: (i) as reported on the principal national securities exchange on which it is then traded or the Nasdaq Stock Market or (ii) if not traded on any such national securities exchange or the Nasdaq Stock Market as quoted on an automated quotation system sponsored by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. If the Common Stock is not readily tradable on a national securities exchange, the Nasdaq Stock Market or any automated quotation system sponsored by the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., its Fair Market Value shall be set in good faith by the Committee. 2.18 FISCAL YEAR. The fiscal year of the Company. 2.19 FOREIGN JURISDICTION. Any jurisdiction outside of the United States including, without limitation, countries, states, provinces and localities. 2.20 GRANDFATHERED PLAN. The terms and provisions of the Plan in effect immediately prior to the Restatement Effective Date. 2.21 PARTICIPANT. A management employee of the Company or any Affiliate who satisfies the eligibility requirements under Article 5 of the Plan and elects to participate in the Plan in accordance with its terms. 3
2.22 PLAN. The Scholastic Corporation Management Stock Purchase Plan, as amended and restated effective as of January 1, 2005, and as may be amended from time to time thereafter. 2.23 PLAN YEAR. The Fiscal Year. 2.24 RESTATEMENT EFFECTIVE DATE. January 1, 2005. 2.25 RETIREMENT. A termination of employment with the Company and all Affiliates (other than for Cause) on or after age 55 in accordance with the Company's standard retirement policies. 2.26 RSU. A unit of measurement equivalent to one share of Common Stock but with none of the attendant rights of a stockholder of a share of Common Stock, including the right to vote (if any); except that an RSU shall have the dividend right described in Article 8. The fair market value of an RSU on any date shall be deemed to be the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on that date. 2.27 RULE 16b-3. Means Rule 16b-3 promulgated under Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act or any successor provision. 2.28 SPECIFIED EMPLOYEE. Any Participant who is a "specified employee" as defined in Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) of the Code and Section 1.409A-1(i)(1) of the Proposed Treasury Regulations. 2.29 SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT. An agreement executed by a Participant setting forth his or her election to defer receipt of a portion or all of his or her Bonus for the Deferral Period and to authorize the Company to credit such amount to the Plan in order to purchase an award of RSUs. A Subscription Agreement shall contain such provisions, consistent with the provisions of the Plan, as may be established from time to time by the Company or Committee. 2.30 SUBSEQUENT DEFERRAL PERIOD. A period of time (expressed in whole years) of not less than five years, beginning on the date the Deferral Period is scheduled to end, that is elected by a Participant with respect to his or her RSUs in accordance with the requirements of Section 6.4 of the Plan. ARTICLE 3 - SHARES RESERVED The aggregate number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance pursuant to the Plan or with respect to which RSUs may be granted shall be 150,000, subject to adjustment as provided in Article 10 hereof. Such number of shares may be set aside out of the authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock not reserved for any other purpose, or out of issued shares of Common Stock acquired for and held in the treasury of the Company. If any RSU awarded under the Plan is forfeited, terminated or canceled for any reason, the share of Common Stock relating to such RSU shall again be available under the Plan. If Common Stock has been exchanged by a 4
Participant as full or partial payment to the Company for withholding taxes or otherwise or if the number of shares of Common Stock otherwise deliverable has been reduced for withholding, the number of shares exchanged or reduced shall again be available under the Plan. ARTICLE 4 - ADMINISTRATION 4.1 ADMINISTRATION OF THE PLAN. The Plan shall be administered by the Committee. The Committee shall have full power and authority, subject to the provisions of the Plan, to promulgate such rules and regulations as it deems necessary for the proper administration of the Plan, to interpret the provisions and supervise the administration of the Plan, and to take all actions in connection therewith or in relation thereto as it deems necessary or advisable. The Committee may adopt, amend or repeal any guidelines or requirements necessary for the delivery of the Common Stock. The Committee may also adopt special guidelines and provisions for persons who are residing in, or subject to the laws of, Foreign Jurisdictions to comply with applicable tax and securities laws. 4.2 DECISIONS BINDING. All interpretations and determinations of the Committee shall be made in its sole and absolute discretion based on the Plan document and shall be final, conclusive and binding on all parties with respect to all matters relating to the Plan. 4.3 DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY. The Committee may select an administrator or any other person to whom its duties and responsibilities hereunder may be delegated. In addition, the Committee may employ such legal counsel, consultants, brokers and agents as it may deem desirable for the administration of the Plan and may rely upon any opinion received from any such counsel or consultant and any computation received from any such consultant, broker or agent. The Committee may also, in its sole discretion, designate an agent to keep records, send statements of account to Participants and to perform other duties relating to the Plan, as the Committee may request from time to time. 4.4 INDEMNIFICATION. The Company shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law and the Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws of the Company, to the extent not covered by insurance, indemnify each director, officer or employee of the Company and its Affiliates (including the respective heirs, executors, administrators and other personal representatives of such persons) and each member of the Committee against all expenses, costs, liabilities and losses (including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines, excise taxes or penalties, and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with any threatened, pending or actual suit, action or proceeding (whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative in nature or otherwise) in which such person may be involved by reason of the fact that he or she is or was serving this Plan in any capacity at the request of the Company, except in instances where any such person engages in willful neglect or fraud. Such right of indemnification shall include the right to be paid by the Company for expenses incurred or reasonably anticipated to be incurred in defending any such suit, action or proceeding in advance of its disposition; provided, however, that the payment of expenses in advance of the settlement or final disposition of a suit, action or proceeding shall be made only upon delivery to the Company of an undertaking by or on behalf of such person to repay all amounts so advanced if it is ultimately determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified hereunder. Such 5
indemnification shall be in addition to any rights of indemnification the person may have as a director, officer or employee or under the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company or the By-Laws of the Company. Expenses incurred by the Committee or the Board in the engagement of any such counsel, consultant or agent shall be paid by the Company. ARTICLE 5 - ELIGIBILITY Management employees of the Company and its Affiliates as designated by the Committee shall be eligible to participate in the Plan. Eligibility for participation in the Plan shall be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion. The Committee may, in its sole discretion, designate, on a prospective basis, any Participant in the Plan as ineligible to receive awards of RSUs pursuant to Article 6 of the Plan. ARTICLE 6 - PURCHASES 6.1 GENERAL. Each Participant shall be entitled to elect to receive up to 100% of his or her Bonus in an award of RSUs. As of the applicable Award Date, RSUs shall be awarded to Participants and credited to accounts held under the Plan on behalf of Participants on a book-entry basis calculated in the manner provided under Section 6.3 and in accordance with Article 1. 6.2 VOLUNTARY PURCHASES. No later than the last day of the second quarter of the Fiscal Year in which the Bonus is earned (or such earlier date required by Section 409A of the Code), each Participant may elect to receive up to 100% of his or her Bonus for that Fiscal Year in an award of RSUs by completing a Subscription Agreement and submitting it to the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a management employee of the Company or an Affiliate first becomes eligible to participate in the Plan after the last day of the second quarter of the Fiscal Year in which the Bonus is earned, such employee may elect to participate in the Plan for that Plan Year provided he or she completes a Subscription Agreement and submits it to the Company no later than 30 days after the date the Participant first became eligible to participate in the Plan but such Participant's participation shall be limited to the PRO RATA portion of the Bonus earned after the Subscription Agreement is executed and delivered to the Company. Each Subscription Agreement shall provide that the Participant elects to receive RSUs in lieu of a specified portion of his or her Bonus. Such portion may be expressed as: (a) a specified percentage of up to 100% (in whole percentages) of the Participant's actual Bonus amount; (b) a specified dollar amount, up to 100% of the Participant's actual Bonus amount; or (c) the lesser of the amount specified in Section 6.2(a) or (b). Amounts specified pursuant to any of the methods set forth herein are entirely contingent on, and are limited to, the cash amount of Bonus actually awarded. Each Subscription Agreement, in addition, shall specify a Deferral Period with respect to the RSUs to which it pertains. Other than with respect to a management employee of the Company or an Affiliate 6
who first becomes eligible to participate hereunder during a Plan Year, in order for a Subscription Agreement to be given effect, it must be received by the Company no later than by the last day of the second quarter of the Fiscal Year for which such Bonus will be determined. With respect to any Plan Year, an election pursuant to a Subscription Agreement to receive RSUs in lieu of a portion or all of a Bonus shall be irrevocable and will be effective on and after the date the Subscription Agreement is executed by the Participant and submitted to the Company. An election by a Participant to receive RSUs in lieu of a portion or all of a Bonus shall be valid solely for the Plan Year to which the election relates. If a Subscription Agreement is not timely made by a Participant with respect to any subsequent Plan Year, the Bonus earned in that Plan Year shall not be deferred under the Plan. 6.3 AWARDS OF RSUS. The Company shall award RSUs to each Participant's account under the Plan on the Award Date. Each Participant's account shall be credited with a number of RSUs (in whole and fractional RSUs) determined by dividing (a) the amount of the Participant's Bonus to be received as an award of RSUs in accordance with the Participant's Subscription Agreement and the methodology under Section 6.2 by (b) the Cost of an RSU on the Award Date. 6.4 SUBSEQUENT DEFERRAL ELECTION. The Committee may, in its sole discretion, permit Participants to make subsequent elections to extend the Deferral Periods otherwise applicable to their respective RSUs. In order to be effective, a subsequent election made by a Participant with respect to his or her RSUs: (i) cannot take effect until at least 12 months after the date on which the election is made; (ii) the subsequent deferral period elected by the Participant may not be less than a five year period beginning on the date the Deferral Period applicable to the RSUs would otherwise end; and (iii) the election is made at least 12 months prior to the date the Deferral Period ends. A Participant shall make his or her subsequent deferral election with respect to his or her RSUs on the Extension of Deferral Period Form (or such other form or agreement specified by the Committee, in its discretion). An election by a Participant to extend the Deferral Period applicable to his or her RSUs shall be valid solely with respect to the RSUs covered by the election. ARTICLE 7 - VESTING AND PAYMENT OF RSUS 7.1 VESTING. A Participant shall be fully vested in each RSU three years after the Award Date pertaining to that RSU (provided that the Participant is continuously employed (including any period during which the Participant is on a leave of absence, either paid or unpaid, which is approved by the Committee, or any other break in employment which is approved by the Committee) by the Company or any Affiliate for such years) or, if earlier, upon death while employed, Disability while employed or Retirement. The Committee may, in its sole discretion, accelerate (in whole or part) the time at which any such RSUs may be vested but in no event shall the acceleration of vesting result in the acceleration of payment of the RSUs to the Participant. 7.2 PAYMENT ON OR AFTER VESTING. With respect to each vested RSU, the Company shall issue to the Participant one share of Common Stock and cash in lieu of any fractional RSU as soon as practicable after the earlier of: (i) the end of the Deferral Period specified in the Participant's Subscription Agreement pertaining to such RSU, or, if applicable, 7
the end of the Subsequent Deferral Period elected by the Participant for such RSU or (ii) the Participant's termination of employment with the Company and its Affiliates. 7.3 PAYMENT PRIOR TO VESTING. (a) VOLUNTARY TERMINATION; TERMINATION FOR CAUSE. If a Participant voluntarily terminates his or her employment with the Company and its Affiliates for reasons other than death or Disability or is involuntarily terminated by the Company or an Affiliate for Cause, the Participant's nonvested RSUs shall be canceled, and he or she shall receive as soon as practicable after his or her termination of employment with the Company and its Affiliates a cash payment equal to the lesser of: i) an amount equal to the number of those nonvested RSUs awarded on each Award Date multiplied by the respective Cost of those RSUs; or ii) an amount equal to the number of those nonvested RSUs awarded on each Award Date multiplied by the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the date of the Participant's termination of employment with the Company and its Affiliates. (b) INVOLUNTARY TERMINATION. If a Participant's employment is terminated by the Company and its Affiliates for any reason other than Cause, the Participant's nonvested RSUs shall be canceled and he or she shall receive payment as soon as practicable following his or her termination of employment with the Company and its Affiliates as described below: i) The number of nonvested RSUs awarded on each Award Date shall be multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of full years that the Participant was employed by the Company and its Affiliates after that Award Date and the denominator of which is three; and the Participant shall receive the resulting number of such whole RSUs in shares of Common Stock, with any fractional RSU paid in cash. ii) With respect to the Participant's remaining nonvested RSUs, the Participant shall receive cash in an amount equal to the lesser of: (A) the number of such nonvested RSUs awarded on each Award Date multiplied by the respective Cost of those RSUs; or (B) the number of those nonvested RSUs awarded on each Award Date multiplied by the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the date of the Participant's termination of employment with the Company and its Affiliates. (c) COMMITTEE'S DISCRETION. The Committee shall have complete discretion to determine the circumstances of a Participant's termination of employment with the Company and its Affiliates, including whether the same results 8
from voluntary termination, Disability, Retirement, death or termination by the Company for or not for Cause, and the Committee's determination shall be final and binding on all parties and not subject to review or challenge by any Participant or other person. 7.4 SPECIAL RULES FOR SPECIFIED EMPLOYEES. Notwithstanding anything in this Plan to the contrary, any payment due under this Plan to a Participant who is a Specified Employee as the result of such Participant's termination of employment (other than due to death or Disability) shall be made to the Participant no earlier than the first business day of the seventh month following the month in which the Participant's termination of employment occurred. ARTICLE 8 - DIVIDEND EQUIVALENT AMOUNTS Whenever dividends (other than dividends payable only in shares of Common Stock) are paid with respect to shares of Common Stock, each Participant shall be paid an amount in cash equal to the number of his or her vested RSUs multiplied by the dividend value per share. Dividends (other than dividends payable only in shares of Common Stock) shall not be credited or paid with respect to each Participant's nonvested RSUs. ARTICLE 9 - DESIGNATION OF BENEFICIARY A Participant may designate one or more Beneficiaries to receive payments or shares of Common Stock in the event of his or her death. A designation of Beneficiary shall apply to a specified percentage of a Participant's entire interest in the Plan. Such designation, or any change therein, must be in writing in a form acceptable to the Company and shall be effective upon receipt by the Company. If there is no effective designation of Beneficiary, or if no Beneficiary survives the Participant, the Participant's estate shall be deemed to be the Beneficiary. ARTICLE 10 - ADJUSTMENTS In the event of a stock dividend, stock split, reverse stock split, combination or reclassification of shares, recapitalization, merger, consolidation, exchange, spin-off or other event which affects Common Stock, the Committee shall make appropriate equitable adjustments in: (a) the number or kind of shares of Common Stock or securities with respect to which RSUs shall thereafter be granted; (b) the number and kind of shares of Common Stock remaining subject to outstanding RSUs; (c) the number of RSUs credited to each Participant; and (d) the method of determining the value of RSUs. 9
ARTICLE 11 - AMENDMENT OR TERMINATION OF PLAN The Company reserves the right to amend, terminate or freeze the Plan at any time, by action of its Board of Directors (or a duly authorized committee thereof ) or the Committee, provided that no such action shall adversely affect a Participant's rights under the Plan with respect to RSUs awarded and vested before the date of such action, provided, further that the Company may amend the Plan and any elections hereunder at any time to comply with applicable law (including, without limitation, Section 409A of the Code) without a Participant's consent. No amendment shall be effective unless approved by the stockholders of the Company if stockholder approval of such amendment is required to comply with any applicable law, regulation or stock exchange rule. Upon termination of the Plan, any vested RSUs shall be paid in accordance with Section 7.2 of the Plan and any nonvested RSUs shall be canceled and paid in accordance with Section 7.3(b) of the Plan. Upon freezing of the Plan, all vested RSUs shall continue to be held under the Plan until the Deferral Period expires and all nonvested RSUs shall vest or become canceled in accordance with the terms of the Plan. ARTICLE 12 - MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS 12.1 NO DISTRIBUTION; COMPLIANCE WITH LEGAL REQUIREMENTS. The Committee may require each person acquiring shares of Common Stock under the Plan to represent to and agree with the Company in writing that such person is acquiring the shares without a view to distribution thereof. No shares of Common Stock shall be issued until all applicable securities law and other legal and stock exchange requirements have been satisfied. The Committee may require the placing of such stop-orders and restrictive legends on certificates for Common Stock as it deems appropriate. 12.2 WITHHOLDING. Participation in the Plan is subject to any required tax withholding on wages or other income of the Participant in connection with the Plan. Each Participant agrees, by entering the Plan, that the Company or the Affiliate employing the Participant shall have the right to deduct any federal, state or local income taxes or other taxes, in its sole discretion, from any amount payable to the Participant under the Plan or from any payment of any kind otherwise due to the Participant. Upon the vesting of the RSU Award, prior to the issuance or delivery of shares of Common Stock or the payment of any cash hereunder, a Participant shall pay all required withholding to the Company and, if applicable, an Affiliate. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, any withholding obligation with regard to any Participant may be satisfied by: (i) reducing the number of shares of Common Stock otherwise deliverable to the Participant; (ii) subject to the Committee's prior consent, any method approved by the Committee which may include the Participant delivering shares of Common Stock already owned for at least six months (or such other period to avoid an accounting charge against the Company's earnings) and held free and clear of all encumbrances to the Company; or (iii) by the Participant paying cash directly to the Company. 12.3 NOTICES; DELIVERY OF STOCK CERTIFICATES. Any notice required or permitted to be given by the Company or the Committee pursuant to the Plan shall be deemed given when personally delivered or deposited in the United States mail, registered or certified, postage prepaid, addressed to the Participant at the last address shown for the Participant on the records of the Company. Delivery of stock certificates to persons entitled to receive them under the Plan 10
shall be deemed effected for all purposes when the Company or a share transfer agent of the Company shall have deposited such certificates in the United States mail, addressed to such person at his/her last known address on file with the Company. 12.4 NONTRANSFERABILITY OF RIGHTS. During a Participant's lifetime, no payment or issuance of shares under the Plan shall be made to anyone except the Participant otherwise than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. No RSU Award or other interest under the Plan shall be subject in any manner to anticipation, alienation, sale, transfer, assignment, pledge, encumbrance, garnishment, execution, levy or charge, and any attempt by a Participant or any Beneficiary under the Plan to do so shall be void. No interest under the Plan shall in any manner be liable for or subject to the debts, contracts, liabilities, engagements or torts or a Participant or Beneficiary entitled thereto. 12.5 OBLIGATIONS UNFUNDED AND UNSECURED. The Plan shall at all times be entirely unfunded, and no provision shall at any time be made with respect to segregating assets of the Company (including Common Stock) for payment of any amounts or issuance of any shares of Common Stock hereunder. No Participant or other person shall own any interest in any particular assets of the Company or any Affiliate (including Common Stock) by reason of the right to receive payment under the Plan, and any Participant or other person shall have only the rights of a general unsecured creditor of the Company with respect to any rights under the Plan. Nothing contained in this Plan and no action taken pursuant to the provisions of this Plan shall create or be construed to create a trust of any kind, or a fiduciary relationship amongst the Company, any Affiliate, the Committee, and the Participants, their designated Beneficiaries or any other person. Any funds which may be invested under the provisions of this Plan shall continue for all purposes to be part of the general funds of the Company and no person other than the Company shall by virtue of the provisions of this Plan have any interest in such funds. If the Company decides to establish any accrued reserve on its books against the future expense of benefits payable hereunder, or if the Company establishes a rabbi trust under this Plan, such reserve or trust shall not under any circumstances be deemed to be an asset of the Plan. 12.6 GOVERNING LAW. The Plan is established in order to provide deferred compensation to a select group of management and highly compensated employees within the meanings of Sections 201(2) and 301(a)(3) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"). To the extent legally required, the Code and ERISA shall govern the Plan and, if any provision hereof is in violation of any applicable requirement thereof, the Company reserves the right to retroactively amend the Plan to comply therewith. To the extent not governed by the Code and ERISA, the terms of the Plan shall be governed, construed, administered and regulated in accordance with the laws of Delaware. In the event any provision of this Plan shall be determined to be illegal or invalid for any reason, the other provisions shall continue in full force and effect as if such illegal or invalid provision had never been included herein. 12.7 CLAIMS PROCEDURE. A Participant or Beneficiary shall make any claim (and, in the case of the denial of such claim, any appeal) in writing to the Committee or such other person designated by the Committee in accordance with the claims procedure established by the Committee, which is intended to comply with the claims procedure provided under ERISA and U.S. Department of Labor Regulation ss. 2560.503-1. 11
12.8 RULE 16B-3. To the extent required, the Plan is intended to comply with Rule 16b-3 and the Committee shall interpret and administer the provisions of the Plan in a manner consistent therewith. If a management employee is designated by the Committee to participate hereunder, any election to receive an award of RSUs shall be deemed approved by such Committee and shall be deemed an exempt purchase under Rule 16b-3. Any provisions inconsistent with Rule 16b-3 shall be inoperative and shall not affect the validity of the Plan. 12.9 NO EMPLOYMENT RIGHTS. The establishment and operation of this Plan shall not confer any legal rights upon any Participant or other person for a continuation of employment, nor shall it interfere with the rights of the Company or Affiliate to discharge any employee and to treat him or her without regard to the effect which that treatment might have upon him or her as a Participant or potential Participant under the Plan. 12.10 SEVERABILITY OF PROVISIONS. If any provision of the Plan shall be held invalid or unenforceable, such invalidity or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions hereof, and the Plan shall be construed and enforced as if such provisions had not been included. 12.11 CONSTRUCTION. The use of a masculine pronoun shall include the feminine, and the singular form shall include the plural form, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The headings and captions herein are provided for reference and convenience only, shall not be considered part of the Plan, and shall not be employed in the construction of the Plan. 12.12 EFFECTIVE DATE OF PLAN. The Plan was originally adopted effective January 1, 1999, subject to approval of the stockholders of the Company as provided under applicable law, regulation or stock exchange rule and was subsequently amended and restated effective December 18, 2002. The Plan, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2005, is set forth herein. 12
Exhibit 10.3 AMENDMENT NO. 3 (DATED EFFECTIVE MAY 25, 2006) TO SCHOLASTIC CORPORATION 1997 OUTSIDE DIRECTORS STOCK OPTION PLAN (AMENDED AND RESTATED AS OF MAY 25, 1999) 1. Section 3 of the Plan is amended FIRST by deleting the first paragraph appearing therein and SECOND by restating the first sentence of the second paragraph to read as follows: Except as provided in Section 5 below, an option may be exercised, in whole or in part at any time and from time or time during the period beginning with the date the option first becomes exercisable and ending on the date the option expires, by giving written notice of exercise to the Company specifying the number of shares of Common Stock to be purchased. 2. Section 5 of the Plan is amended by restating subsection (c)(4) to read as follows: Notwithstanding the provisions of subsections (b) and (c) above of this Section 5, in no event shall any option granted under the Plan be exercised within six months after the date of grant. 3. Except as otherwise provided herein, the Plan is ratified and confirmed and shall continue in full force and effect. The foregoing amendment was duly approved by resolution of the Board of Directors of Scholastic Corporation at its meeting held on May 25, 2006.
Exhibit 10.6 AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO THE SCHOLASTIC CORPORATION 2001 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN WHEREAS, Scholastic Corporation (the "Company") maintains the Scholastic Corporation 2001 Stock Incentive Plan (the "Plan"); WHEREAS, pursuant to Article X of the Plan, the Company reserved the right, by action of its Board of Directors or its Human Resources and Compensation Committee (the "Committee"), to amend the Plan from time to time; and WHEREAS, the Committee desires to amend the Plan. NOW, THEREFORE, effective May 25, 2006, the Plan is amended as follows: 1. Paragraph (c) of Section 6.3 of the Plan is amended by deleting the last sentence appearing therein. 2. Except as otherwise provided herein, the Plan is ratified and confirmed and shall continue in full force and effect.
Exhibit 10.7 AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO THE SCHOLASTIC CORPORATION 2004 CLASS A STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN WHEREAS, Scholastic Corporation (the "Company") maintains the Scholastic Corporation 2004 Class A Stock Incentive Plan (the "Plan"); WHEREAS, pursuant to Article X of the Plan, the Company reserved the right, by action of its Board of Directors or the Human Resources and Compensation Committee (the "Committee"), to amend the Plan from time to time; and WHEREAS, the Committee desires to amend the Plan. NOW, THEREFORE, effective May 25, 2006, the Plan is amended as follows: 1. Paragraph (c) of Section 6.3 of the Plan is amended by deleting the last sentence appearing therein. 2. Except as otherwise provided herein, the Plan is ratified and confirmed and shall continue in full force and effect.
Exhibit 10.15 AGREEMENT Agreement by and between Lisa Holton, who resides at 35 Prospect Park West, #14B, Brooklyn, New York 11215, and Scholastic Inc. (the "Company"). This Agreement shall be effective as of the last date of signing below. 1. This Agreement confirms our understanding that, in the event the Company terminates your employment, other than for cause, prior to May 23, 2007, you shall receive a lump sum payment, in lieu of severance, equivalent to six (6) months of salary, at your then current base salary. 2. You understand that this Agreement constitutes the complete understanding between the Company and you, and supersedes any and all agreements, understandings, and discussions, whether written or oral, between you and the Company with regard to the subject hereof. No other promises or agreements shall be binding unless in writing and signed by both the Company and you after the effective date of this Agreement. LISA HOLTON Signature: /s/ Lisa Holton Date: August 2, 2006 ----------------------- SCHOLASTIC INC. By: /s/ Peter Watts Date: August 2, 2006 ------------------------- Name: Peter Watts Title: Senior Vice President, Corporate Human Resources
Exhibit 21 SCHOLASTIC CORPORATION SUBSIDIARY LIST (SUBSIDIARIES ARE INDENTED UNDER ITS DIRECT PARENT) Scholastic Inc. New York Scholastic Book Clubs, Inc. Missouri Scholastic Operations Group L.L.C. Delaware Scholastic Entertainment Inc. New York SE Distribution Inc. Delaware 524 Films L.L.C. New York Scholastic Book Services, Inc. Delaware Scholastic UK Group L.L.C. Delaware Scholastic UK Limited England Chicken House Publishing Ltd. England Scholastic Book Clubs Ltd. (formerly Red House England Books Ltd.) Scholastic Ltd. England Catteshall Ltd.(50% owned) England Scholastic Ireland Ltd. Ireland Weston Woods Studios, Inc. Delaware Georgetown Studios, Inc. Connecticut Children's Music Library, Inc. New York Lectorum Publications, Inc. New York The Scholastic Store, Inc. New York Scholastic Interactive Xchange, Inc. Delaware Tom Snyder Productions, Inc. Delaware Soup2Nuts Inc. Delaware Scholastic Distribution Services, L.L.C. Delaware RetroRanch Inc. (formerly Science Court Inc.) Delaware Klutz California Sandvik Publishing Ltd. Nevada Teacher's Friend Publications, Inc. California The Book People Inc. (80% owned) Delaware Scholastic Export Inc. Delaware Scholastic Book Fairs, Inc. Delaware BTBCAT, Inc. Delaware Scholastic Australia Pty. Ltd. Australia Bookshelf Publishing Australia Pty. Ltd. Australia Troll School Book Clubs and Fairs Australia Pty. Ltd. Australia Scholastic Australia Superannuation Pty. Ltd. Australia Scholastic Executive Superannuation Pty. Ltd. Australia Oldmeadow Booksellers (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. Australia Scholastic Canada Ltd. Canada Scholastic Productions Canada Ltd. Canada Scholastic Bookfairs Canada Ltd. Canada Scholastic Hong Kong Limited Hong Kong Scholastic India Private Limited India Scholastic Mexico S. de R. L. de C.V. Mexico Scholastic New Zealand Ltd. New Zealand Scholastic Argentina S.A. Argentina Scholastic Education Information Consulting (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. China Scholastic International IT Support Centre Private Limited IndiaExhibit 21 SCHOLASTIC CORPORATION SUBSIDIARY LIST (SUBSIDIARIES ARE INDENTED UNDER ITS DIRECT PARENT) Grolier Incorporated Delaware Scholastic at Home Inc. (formerly Grolier Enterprises Inc.) Delaware Scholastic Distribution Services L.L.C(5) Delaware Grolier Interactive Inc. Delaware Scholastic Library Publishing, Inc. Delaware (formerly Grolier Publishing Co., Inc.) Grolier Reading Programs Inc. Delaware Grolier Telemarketing, Inc. Delaware Grolier (New York) Incorporated Delaware Orchard Books, Inc. New York Publishers World Trade Corporation Delaware Federated Credit Corp. Delaware Grolier International, Inc. Delaware Grolier Direct Marketing Pty. Ltd. Australia Grolier International Finance Inc. (Philippines) (60% owned) Philippines Grolier (Malaysia) SDN BHD (62% owned) Malaysia Grolier Overseas Incorporated Delaware Grolier International Private Limited (India)(8) India Grolier Limited (Canada) Canada Caribe Grolier, Inc. Puerto Rico Grolier International Limited (U.K.) England Grolier Credit Services (U.K.) Limited England Grolier Limited England Transtutor Limited England Just Books! Limited England Waverly House Limited England
Exhibit 23 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement Form S-8 (File Nos. 333-62297 and 333-110302) pertaining to the Scholastic Corporation 1997 Outside Director's Stock Option Plan; Registration Statement Form S-8 (File No. 333-65757) pertaining to the Scholastic Corporation 1995 Stock Option Plan; Registration Statement Form S-8 (File Nos. 333-68181 and 333-110301) pertaining to the Scholastic Corporation Employee Stock Purchase Plan; Registration Statement Form S-8 (File No. 333-68185) pertaining to the Scholastic Corporation Management Stock Purchase Plan; Registration Statement Form S-8 (File No. 333-77010) pertaining to the Scholastic Corporation 2001 Stock Incentive Plan of our reports dated August 4, 2006, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedule of Scholastic Corporation, Scholastic Corporation management's assessment of effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Scholastic Corporation, included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended May 31, 2006. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP ---------------------- New York, New York August 4, 2006
Exhibit 31.1 I, Richard Robinson, the principal executive officer of Scholastic Corporation, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Scholastic Corporation; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) for the registrant and have: a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. Date: August 8, 2006 /s/Richard Robinson ------------------------------ Richard Robinson Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer
EXHIBIT 31.2 I, Mary A. Winston, the principal financial officer of Scholastic Corporation, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Scholastic Corporation; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) for the registrant and have: a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. Date: August 8, 2006 /s/Mary A. Winston --------------------------- Mary A. Winston Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
EXHIBIT 32 CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 WITH RESPECT TO THE ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K FOR THE YEAR ENDED MAY 31, 2006 OF SCHOLASTIC CORPORATION Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (subsections (a) and (b) of section 1350, chapter 63 of title 18, United States Code), each of the undersigned officers of Scholastic Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), does hereby certify to the best of such officer's knowledge, that: 1. The Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended May 31, 2006 (the "Form 10-K") fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and 2. Information contained in the Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Dated: August 8, 2006 /s/Richard Robinson ------------------- Richard Robinson Chief Executive Officer Dated: August 8, 2006 /s/Mary A. Winston ------------------ Mary A. Winston Chief Financial Officer The certification set forth above is being furnished as an exhibit solely pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and is not being filed as part of the Form 10-K or as a separate disclosure document of the Company or the certifying officers.